Optimal covariant quantum measurements



: Haapasalo Erkka, Pellonpää Juha-Pekka

Publisher: IOP PUBLISHING LTD

: 2021

: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical

: JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL

: J PHYS A-MATH THEOR

: ARTN 155304

: 54

: 15

: 50

: 1751-8113

: 1751-8121

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/abe752

: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1751-8121/abe752

: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/53718746


We discuss symmetric quantum measurements and the associated covariant observables modelled, respectively, as instruments and positive-operator-valued measures. The emphasis of this work are the optimality properties of the measurements, namely, extremality, informational completeness, and the rank-1 property which contrast the complementary class of (rank-1) projection-valued measures. The first half of this work concentrates solely on finite-outcome measurements symmetric w.r.t. finite groups where we derive exhaustive characterizations for the pointwise Kraus-operators of covariant instruments and necessary and sufficient extremality conditions using these Kraus-operators. We motivate the use of covariance methods by showing that observables covariant with respect to symmetric groups contain a family of representatives from both of the complementary optimality classes of observables and show that even a slight deviation from a rank-1 projection-valued measure can yield an extreme informationally complete rank-1 observable. The latter half of this work derives similar results for continuous measurements in (possibly) infinite dimensions. As an example we study covariant phase space instruments, their structure, and extremality properties.

Last updated on 2024-26-11 at 14:38