Characterising the asynchronous resurgence of common respiratory viruses following the COVID-19 pandemic
: Zhao, Chenkai; Zhang, Tiantian; Guo, Ling; Sun, Shiqi; Miao, Yumeng; Yung, Chee Fu; Tomlinson, Jane; Stolyarov, Kirill; Shchomak, Zakhar; Poovorawan, Yong; Nokes, David James; Munoz-Almagro, Carmen; Mandelboim, Michal; Keck, James W.; Langley, Joanne Marie; Heikkinen, Terho; Deng, Jikui; Colson, Philippe; Chakhunashvili, Giorgi; Caballero, Mauricio T.; Bont, Louis; Feikin, Daniel R.; Nair, Harish; Wang, Xin; Li, You; Respiratory Virus Global Epidemiology Network
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
: BERLIN
: 2025
: Nature Communications
: Nature Communications
: NAT COMMUN
: 1610
: 16
: 1
: 11
: 2041-1723
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56776-z
: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-56776-z
: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/491244081
The COVID-19 pandemic and relevant non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) interrupted the circulation of common respiratory viruses. These viruses demonstrated an unprecedented asynchronous resurgence as NPIs were relaxed. We compiled a global dataset from a systematic review, online surveillance reports and unpublished data from Respiratory Virus Global Epidemiology Network, encompassing 92 sites. We compared the resurgence timings of respiratory viruses within each site and synthesised differences in timings across sites, using a generalised linear mixed-effects model. We revealed a distinct sequential timing in the first post-pandemic resurgence: rhinovirus resurged the earliest, followed by seasonal coronavirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, metapneumovirus and influenza A virus, with influenza B virus exhibiting the latest resurgence. Similar sequential timing was observed in the second resurgence except influenza A virus caught up with metapneumovirus. The consistent asynchrony across geographical regions suggests that virus-specific characteristics, rather than location-specific factors, determining the relative timing of resurgence.
:
001/WHO_/World Health Organization/International
82473692/National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
82404372/National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
