A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal

Multifunctional nanocellulose hybrid films: From packaging to photovoltaics




AuthorsValdez Garcia, Joaquin; Boding, Anna; Yang, Xuan; Nizamov, Rustem; Reid, Michael S.; Junel, Kristina; Miettunen, Kati; Abitbol, Tiffany; Kaschuk, Joice

PublisherElsevier BV

Publication year2025

JournalInternational Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Journal name in sourceInternational Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Article number139203

Volume292

ISSN0141-8130

eISSN1879-0003

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139203

Web address https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.139203

Self-archived copy’s web addresshttps://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/477755056


Abstract

This study aimed to develop eco-friendly multifunctional nanocellulose (NC) hybrid films with tailored properties for versatile applications including packaging and photovoltaics. Hybrid films composed by cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) and carboxymethylated cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) were produced at various mass ratio (CNC - 100:0 to 0:100). Montmorillonite clay (MTM) was incorporated (50 % by mass) into the CNC:CNF films. CNC-only films easily dispersed in water, but by adding CNF or MTM, the structural integrity was enhanced. Films with ≥50 % CNF and MTM had a strength reduction of 9–35 % and increased brittleness. The hybrid films presented transmittance above 60 % and haze varying from 5 % to 60 % at 550 nm which can be a beneficial for light management. All films kept color stability over 1000 h of artificial sunlight, a critical packaging feature for long-term storage. CNC: CNF films without MTM showed better potential for optoelectronic applications due to higher transmittance and smoother surfaces, while those with MTM presented UV protection (up to 250 nm) and swelling resistance (28–53 %) which could also benefit optoelectronics increasing their lifespan. Balancing the hybrid films composition is key for optoelectronics, while packaging applications tolerate broader compositions. These findings demonstrate the versatility of NC hybrid films in creating sustainable materials for diverse applications.


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Funding information in the publication
K.M., R.N. and J.V.G. thank the Academy of Finland (BioEST, project numbers 336577 and 336441). J.V.G. also thanks the University of Turku Graduate School UTUGS and Finnish Cultural Foundation for funding. T. A. acknowledges the Chair in Sustainable Materials at EPFL, co-funded by BASF, Logitech, Nestlé, and SIG, and funding from Formas for the “SUBSTAINABLE” project granted through the Tandem Forest Values program (Formas grant number 2019-02508).


Last updated on 2025-05-03 at 09:04