A1 Vertaisarvioitu alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä lehdessä
Circumgalactic Gas at Its Extreme: Tidal Gas Streams around the Whale Galaxy NGC 4631 Explored with HST/COS
Tekijät: Richter P., Winkel B., Wakker B. P., Pingel N. M., Fox, A. J., Heald G., Walterbos R. A. M., Fechner C., Ben Bekhti N., Gentile G., Zschaechner, L.
Kustantaja: IOP
Julkaisuvuosi: 2018
Journal: Astrophysical Journal
Lehden akronyymi: ApJ
Artikkelin numero: 112
Vuosikerta: 868
Numero: 2
Sivujen määrä: 12
ISSN: 0004-637X
eISSN: 1538-4357
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aae838
Verkko-osoite: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aae838
Rinnakkaistallenteen osoite: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/43703109
We present a detailed analysis of the absorption properties of one of the tidal gas streams around the “Whale” galaxy NGC 4631 in the direction of the quasar 2MASS J12421031+3214268. Our study is based on ultraviolet spectral data obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and 21cm-data from the HALOGAS project and the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). We detect strong H I Lyα absorption in the velocity range +550 to +800 km s-1 related to gas from a NGC 4631 tidal stream known as Spur 2. We measure a column density of log (N(H I/cm-2)) = 18.68 ± 0.15, indicating that the quasar sightline traces the outer boundary of Spur 2 as seen in the 21 cm data. Metal absorption in Spur 2 is detected in the lines of O I, C II, Si II, and Si III in a complex absorption pattern that reflects the multiphase nature of the gas. We find that the average neutral gas fraction in Spur 2 toward 2MASS J12421031+3214268 is only 14%. This implies that ionized gas dominates the total mass of Spur 2, which then may comprise more than 109 M ☉. No significant depletion of Si is observed, showing that Spur 2 does not contain significant amounts of dust. From the measured O I/H I column density ratio, we determine an α abundance in Spur 2 of {0.13}-0.05+0.07 solar ([α/H] = -0.90±0.16), which is substantially lower than what is observed in the NGC 4631 disk. The low metallicity and low dust content suggest that Spur 2 represents metal-deficient gas stripped off a gas-rich satellite galaxy during a recent encounter with NGC 4631.
Ladattava julkaisu This is an electronic reprint of the original article. |