I work as a grantee researcher in the philosophy unit in a personal project on philosophy of hate and racism called Apes of Wrath? The project is funded by Olga and Vilho Linnamo Foundation (2024) and Finnish Cultural Fund (2025-2027).

I work part-time in Climate Nudge project, where I focus on behavioral interventions related to social identites and manipulation.

In the past, I have been employed by universities of Oulu and Helsinki and acted as a teacher in University of Eastern Finland.

My reserach focuses on philosophy of hate and enmity, more specifically on the logical structures of racist and other kinds of generalizing attitudes. My aim is to clarify conceptually the relation between our normative attitudes and hatred, and how the previsous operate in production of the latter. I focus especially on "minor grievances" and wish to explicate how they connect and give rise to more serious forms of hatred, especially those extreme kinds that lead to violence, oppression, and genocides.

I have taught several courses in philosophy of mind and early modern philosophy, especially on René Descartes, as well as courses in argumentation and critical thinking and philosophy of racism.