A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Novel Gyrification Networks Reveal Links with Psychiatric Risk Factors in Early Illness
Authors: Sanfelici Rachele, Ruef Anne, Antonucci Linda A, Penzel Nora, Sotiras Aristeidis, Dong Mark Sen, Urquijo-Castro Maria, Wenzel Julian, Kambeitz-Ilankovic Lana, Hettwer Meike D, Ruhrmann Stephan, Chisholm Katharine, Riecher-Rössler Anita, Falkai Peter, Pantelis Christos, Salokangas Raimo KR, Lencer Rebekka, Bertolino Alessandro, Kambeitz Joseph, Meisenzahl Eva, Borgwardt Stefan, Brambilla Paolo, Wood Stephen J, Upthegrove Rachel, Schultze-Lutter Frauke, Koutsouleris Nikolaos, Dwyer Dominic B; PRONIA Consortium
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Publication year: 2022
Journal: Cerebral Cortex
Journal name in source: Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
Journal acronym: Cereb Cortex
Article number: bhab288
Volume: 32
Issue: 8
First page : 1625
Last page: 1636
ISSN: 1047-3211
eISSN: 1460-2199
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab288
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9016288/
Adult gyrification provides a window into coordinated early neurodevelopment when disruptions predispose individuals to psychiatric illness. We hypothesized that the echoes of such disruptions should be observed within structural gyrification networks in early psychiatric illness that would demonstrate associations with developmentally relevant variables rather than specific psychiatric symptoms. We employed a new data-driven method (Orthogonal Projective Non-Negative Matrix Factorization) to delineate novel gyrification-based networks of structural covariance in 308 healthy controls. Gyrification within the networks was then compared to 713 patients with recent onset psychosis or depression, and at clinical high-risk. Associations with diagnosis, symptoms, cognition, and functioning were investigated using linear models. Results demonstrated 18 novel gyrification networks in controls as verified by internal and external validation. Gyrification was reduced in patients in temporal-insular, lateral occipital, and lateral fronto-parietal networks (pFDR < 0.01) and was not moderated by illness group. Higher gyrification was associated with better cognitive performance and lifetime role functioning, but not with symptoms. The findings demonstrated that gyrification can be parsed into novel brain networks that highlight generalized illness effects linked to developmental vulnerability. When combined, our study widens the window into the etiology of psychiatric risk and its expression in adulthood.
