A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Maternal food consumption during late pregnancy and offspring risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes
Authors: Johnson Randi K, Tamura Roy, Frank Nicole, Uusitalo Ulla, Yang Jimin, Niinistö Sari, Aronsson Carin Andrén, Ziegler Anette-G, Hagopian William, Rewers Marian, Toppari Jorma, Akolkar Beena, Krischer Jeffrey, Virtanen Suvi M, Norris Jill M; for the TEDDY Study Group
Publisher: SPRINGER
Publication year: 2021
Journal: Diabetologia
Journal name in source: DIABETOLOGIA
Journal acronym: DIABETOLOGIA
Volume: 64
First page : 1604
Last page: 1612
Number of pages: 9
ISSN: 0012-186X
eISSN: 1432-0428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-021-05446-y
Web address : https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-021-05446-y
Aims/hypothesisWe aimed to investigate the association between maternal consumption of gluten-containing foods and other selected foods during late pregnancy and offspring risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and type 1 diabetes in The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study.Methods The TEDDY study recruited children at high genetic risk for type 1 diabetes at birth, and prospectively follows them for the development of IA and type 1 diabetes (n = 8556). A questionnaire on the mother's diet in late pregnancy was completed by 3-4 months postpartum. The maternal daily intake was estimated from a food frequency questionnaire for eight food groups: gluten-containing foods, non-gluten cereals, fresh milk, sour milk, cheese products, soy products, lean/medium-fat fish and fatty fish. For each food, we described the distribution of maternal intake among the four participating countries in the TEDDY study and tested the association of tertile of maternal food consumption with risk of IA and type 1 diabetes using forward selection time-to-event Cox regression.Results By 28 February 2019, 791 cases of IA and 328 cases of type 1 diabetes developed in TEDDY. There was no association between maternal late-pregnancy consumption of gluten-containing foods or any of the other selected foods and risk of IA, type 1 diabetes, insulin autoantibody-first IA or GAD autoantibody-first IA (all p >= 0.01). Maternal gluten-containing food consumption in late pregnancy was higher in Sweden (242 g/day), Germany (247 g/day) and Finland (221 g/day) than in the USA (199 g/day) (pairwise p < 0.05).Conclusions/interpretation Maternal food consumption during late pregnancy was not associated with offspring risk for IA or type 1 diabetes. Graphical abstract
