We provide an updated and comprehensive illustrated checklist of bryophytes in Hồ Chí Minh City. We collected specimens from all possible substrates at different locations in the city such as parks, house gardens, school yards, roadsides, and industrial and residential areas. We record 31 species, of which 25 are mosses and 6 are liverworts. Four species — Calymperes boulayi, C. pallidum, Splachnobryum oorschotii, Cololejeunea furcilobulata — were recorded for the first time from Vietnam. All species are illustrated and a dichotomous key to the species is provided.