A4 Refereed article in a conference publication
Examining Transparency Requirements for AI-Based Chatbots and Websites; 
Authors: Vesala, Juha; Rauti, Sampsa; Rajapaksha, Sammani; Hjerppe, Kalle; Heino, Timi
Editors: N/A
Conference name: International Workshop on Responsible AI Engineering
Publication year: 2026
Book title : RAIE '26 : Proceedings of the 2026 International Workshop on Responsible AI Engineering
First page : 1
Last page: 8
ISBN: 979-8-4007-2388-9
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3786156.3788574
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://doi.org/10.1145/3786156.3788574
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/526901711
Self-archived copy's licence: CC BY
Self-archived copy's version: Publisher`s PDF
In this study, we analyze transparency of chatbots on Finnish well-being services counties’ websites. We study how well the transparency obligations under the EU Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) becoming applicable in August 2026, and the General Data Protection Regulation are met. We examined 12 chatbots and websites to assess whether they appropriately inform the user of the AI use and follow the transparency requirements of GDPR. The results indicate that, at this point in time, users are not informed transparently about the AI use. Websites also were not transparent enough about the personal data they send to third parties. These shortcomings highlight the need for clearer instructions and better design practices, so that transparency is achieved in the web-based social and health care services and the chatbots they use.
Downloadable publication This is an electronic reprint of the original article. |  |
Funding information in the publication:
This research has been funded by Lieto Savings Bank Foundation project 20250077, Tekoälysäädöksen velvoitteet terveydenhuollossa (Requirements of the AI Act in Health Care), and Academy of Finland project 327397, IDA – Intimacy in Data-Driven Culture.
