New taxonomic and faunistic data on Turkish spiders are presented. Four species are described as new to science: Cybaeus anatolicus sp. nov. (♀; Konya) [Cybaeidae], Dictyna caligaformis sp. nov. (♂♀; Bursa) [Dictynidae], Leptonetela ayvaensis sp. nov. (♂♀; Bursa), and L. oylatensis sp. nov. (♂; Bursa) [Leptonetidae]. Except for Cybaeus anatolicus sp. nov., the remaining new species were collected in caves. Additionally, Drassodes robatus Roewer, 1961 [Gnaphosidae] is recorded from Türkiye for the first time, and an unusual variation in the shape of the retrolateral tibial apophysis is documented in an unidentified congener. Additional illustrations are provided for Cataleptoneta aydintopcui Demircan, 2020 [Leptonetidae] and Pterotricha kochi (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) [Gnaphosidae], for which new localities in Türkiye are reported, as well as for Troglohyphantes karolianus Topçu, Türkes & Seyyar, 2008 [Linyphiidae], included here based on topotypic material.