Biphasic electrolytes and new chemistries for
flow batteries
: Abbasi, Vahid
: Turku
: 2026
: Annales Universitatis Turkuensis F
: 85
: 978-952-02-0697-0
: 978-952-02-0698-7
: 2736-9390
: 2736-9684
: https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-02-0698-7
Climate change demands immediate action to reduce our carbon footprint across all sectors. The rapid expansion of renewable energy sources like solar and wind power has created significant challenges for grid management due to their inherent intermittency. Energy storage systems have transitioned from powering consumer devices to serving as critical components that stabilize these variable renewable electricity supplies. Flow batteries stand out among competing technologies due to their ability to independently scale power and energy capacity, offering remarkable design flexibility for diverse applications. Vanadium-based electrolyte solutions have led the commercial market so far, yet their economic limitations and supply chain vulnerabilities have spurred investigation into alternatives. This study explores biphasic solvent systems in flow battery applications and presents molecular candidates to replace conventional vanadium-based electrolytes. Biphasic configurations offer several operational advantages, including enhanced cell voltage when appropriate solvents are employed, alongside the use of organic solvents that facilitate access to solubilize more redox species. Microemulsion formation represents a particularly advantageous phenomenon in these systems, as addition of aqueous phase to the organic solvent increased both conductivity and stability of the flow battery electrolyte in battery. This study further investigated a novel molecular system engineered as a high-performance alternative to conventional vanadium electrolytes, specifically tailored for operation in alkaline pH conditions. Within this media, we propose lithium chloranilate as the active species. This compound operates via a two-electron redox mechanism, enabling to achieve competitive energy densities essential for practical storage applications. Moreover, the capacity fade in this system could be recovered electrochemically in certain condition.