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Understanding the Dynamics of Trust in Location-Based Games as Hybrid Spaces: The Players’ Perspective




TekijätXu, Jiangnan; Luna, Sanzida Mojib; Saker, Michael; Chamberlain, Alan; LaLone, Nicolas; Laato, Samuli; Tigwell, Garreth W.; Papangelis, Konstantinos

ToimittajaOliver, Nuria; Shamma, David A.; Candello, Heloisa; Cesar, Pablo; Lopes, Pedro; Bozzon, Alessandro; Kosch, Thomas; Liao, Vera; Ma, Xiaojuan; Artizzu, Valentino; Draxler, Fiona; Lopéz, Gustavo; Reinschluessel, Anke V.; Tong, Xin; Toups Dugas, Phoebe O.

Konferenssin vakiintunut nimiConference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

  • KustantajaACM

Julkaisuvuosi2026

Kokoomateoksen nimiCHI '26 : Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Artikkelin numero851

ISBN979-8-4007-2278-3

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3790587

Julkaisun avoimuus kirjaamishetkelläAvoimesti saatavilla

Julkaisukanavan avoimuus Kokonaan avoin julkaisukanava

Verkko-osoitehttps://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3790587

Rinnakkaistallenteen osoitehttps://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/523059429

Rinnakkaistallenteen lisenssiCC BY NC ND

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Tiivistelmä

Location-based games (LBGs) merge digital play with physical environments, creating hybrid spaces that require players to navigate complex trust dynamics. Despite their global popularity, LBGs introduce unique challenges around fairness, safety, and privacy, spanning interactions among players, game systems, local communities, and non-players in shared public spaces. To examine how trust is perceived, built, and sustained in these environments, we conducted in-depth interviews with 26 players of four major LBGs: Pokémon GO, Monster Hunter Now, Ingress, and Pikmin Bloom. Using reflexive thematic analysis, we identified dynamics of trust across four trustor–trustee relationships: player–system, player–player, player–community, and player–non-player in five key aspects: fair play, location privacy, online vetting, hybrid interaction, and public play. Drawing on our findings, we propose a trust model for analyzing and designing trust in LBGs as hybrid spaces, and we outline design implications aimed at strengthening trust building and sustaining trustworthy interactions across the LBG ecology.


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This is an electronic reprint of the original article.
This reprint may differ from the original in pagination and typographic detail. Please cite the original version.




Julkaisussa olevat rahoitustiedot
Dr Chamberlain’s part in this work was supported by the Turing AI World Leading Researcher Fellowship in Somabotics: Creatively Embodying Artificial Intelligence [grant number EP/Z534808/1] and AI UK: Creating an International Ecosystem for Responsible AI Research and Innovation [grant number EP/Y009800/1].


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