Chain-Level Business Model Patterns for the Green Logistics Transition
: Heikkila, Marikka
: 2026
Business Strategy and the Environment
: 0964-4733
: 1099-0836
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70703
: https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70703
: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/522977917
Sustainability transitions in freight transport increasingly depend on coordinated changes across entire logistics networks, not just within individual firms. This study investigates how business-model change unfolds across a multimodal European logistics chain engaged in reducing transport-related emissions. Drawing on 10 semistructured interviews and five multistakeholder workshops, the analysis identifies seven chain-level business-model patterns that structure how value is proposed, created and captured during the green transition. These patterns encompass beyond-compliance decarbonisation commitments, the integration of digital and physical services, fleet-level carbon-attribute allocation, collaborative value sharing practices, risk-sharing arrangements, green-tier service differentiation and cost-balancing mechanisms. Together, they demonstrate that environmental performance improvements emerge not from isolated organisational initiatives but from coordinated, networked business-model configurations grounded in verified emissions data and chain-level alignment. The results highlight the strategic importance of ecosystem collaboration, demonstrating how firms can coshape the transition to climate-neutral logistics through network-level business-model innovation.
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This work was supported by Business Finland.