A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
The Psychopathology and Neuroanatomical Markers of Depression in Early Psychosis
Authors: Upthegrove Rachel, Lalousis Paris, Mallikarjun Pavan, Chisholm Katharine, Griffiths Sian Lowri, Iqbal Mariam, Pelton Mirabel, Reniers Renate, Stainton Alexandra, Rosen Marlene, Ruef Anne, Dwyer Dominic B, Surman Marian, Haidl Theresa, Penzel Nora, Kambeitz-llankovic Lana, Bertolino Alessandro, Brambilla Paolo, Borgwardt Stefan, Kambeitz Joseph, Lencer Rebekka, Pantelis Christos, Ruhrmann Stephan, Schultze-Lutter Frauke, Salokangas Raimo KR, Meisenzahl Eva, Wood Stephen J, Koutsouleris Nikolaos ; the PRONIA Consortium
Publisher: Oxford Academic
Publication year: 2021
Journal: Schizophrenia Bulletin
Journal name in source: Schizophrenia bulletin
Journal acronym: Schizophr Bull
Volume: 47
Issue: 1
First page : 249
Last page: 258
ISSN: 0586-7614
eISSN: 1745-1701
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa094
Web address : https://academic.oup.com/schizophreniabulletin/article/47/1/249/5868437
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7825071/
Depression frequently occurs in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and predicts longer-term negative outcomes. It is possible that this depression is seen primarily in a distinct subgroup, which if identified could allow targeted treatments. We hypothesize that patients with recent-onset psychosis (ROP) and comorbid depression would be identifiable by symptoms and neuroanatomical features similar to those seen in recent-onset depression (ROD). Data were extracted from the multisite PRONIA study: 154 ROP patients (FEP within 3 months of treatment onset), of whom 83 were depressed (ROP+D) and 71 who were not depressed (ROP-D), 146 ROD patients, and 265 healthy controls (HC). Analyses included a (1) principal component analysis that established the similar symptom structure of depression in ROD and ROP+D, (2) supervised machine learning (ML) classification with repeated nested cross-validation based on depressive symptoms separating ROD vs ROP+D, which achieved a balanced accuracy (BAC) of 51%, and (3) neuroanatomical ML-based classification, using regions of interest generated from ROD subjects, which identified BAC of 50% (no better than chance) for separation of ROP+D vs ROP-D. We conclude that depression at a symptom level is broadly similar with or without psychosis status in recent-onset disorders; however, this is not driven by a separable depressed subgroup in FEP. Depression may be intrinsic to early stages of psychotic disorder, and thus treating depression could produce widespread benefit.
