A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Parental Alcohol Problems, Parental Divorce, and Type 2 Diabetes in Adulthood: A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study in Middle-Aged Men
Authors: Upadhyaya Subina, Tolmunen Tommi, Elomaa Antti-Pekka, Ruohomäki Aleksi, Kraav Siiri-Liisi, Kauhanen Laura, Kaplan George, Kauhanen Jussi, Lehto Soili M
Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
Publication year: 2020
Journal: Psychosomatic Medicine
Journal name in source: PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE
Journal acronym: PSYCHOSOM MED
Volume: 82
Issue: 9
First page : 817
Last page: 822
Number of pages: 6
ISSN: 0033-3174
eISSN: 1534-7796
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000865
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/51267365
Objective Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease and a serious global public health concern increasing both mortality and morbidity. Previous studies have found evidence for an association between early psychological stress and diabetes later in life.
Methods This study examined the association between parental alcohol problems and parental divorce and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in Finnish men aged 42 to 61 years (n = 754) in a prospective setting. Information on parental alcohol problems and parental divorce was derived from school records and subjective experiences of the same events from self-rated questionnaires. The average follow-up time for the participants until the first type 2 diabetes diagnosis was 23.3 years (25th-75th percentile, 21.2-27.9 years).
Results Cox regression analyses revealed that parental alcohol problems (hazard ratio = 3.09, 95% confidence interval = 1.38-6.88) were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes during the follow-up, even after adjustment for age, marital status, education, Human Population Laboratory Depression Scale scores, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. In a similar model, parental divorce (hazard ratio = 1.69, 95% confidence interval = 0.40-7.05) was not associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes during the follow-up.
Conclusions Our findings suggest that not all adverse childhood experiences contribute equally to the risk of type 2 diabetes. Parental alcohol problems, but not parental divorce, were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in men. These findings highlight the need for early interventions targeting parents with excessive alcohol consumption to reduce their offspring's risk of life-style-related disorders.
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