A2 Refereed review article in a scientific journal
Advances in Surface Biofunctionalization and Intelligent Monitoring of Vascular Scaffolds
Authors: Rafique, Muhammad; Ali, Onaza; Niazi, Muhammad Shehr Yar Ali Khan; Zhang, Jialing; Shafiq, Muhammad; Fang, Jun
Publication year: 2026
Journal: Research
Article number: 1182
Volume: 9
ISSN: 2096-5168
eISSN: 2639-5274
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34133/research.1182
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://doi.org/10.34133/research.1182
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/509023603
Self-archived copy's licence: CC BY
Self-archived copy's version: Publisher`s PDF
Vascular scaffolds are fundamental devices in treating vascular occlusions, aneurysms, and hemodialysis access. However, their long-term efficacy is often compromised by 2 major pathophysiological responses: acute thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia, underscoring the need for effective antithrombotic treatment and intensive surveillance. This review highlights the emerging approaches used to address such challenges in vascular scaffolds: surface biofunctionalization and intelligent monitoring systems. We first introduce the leading biodegradable elastic polymers for vascular scaffolds, followed by a comprehensive overview of surface biofunctionalization techniques for preventing thrombosis and promoting endothelialization. The review further explores the cutting-edge advances in integrating flexible bioelectronics with cardiovascular implants for intelligent real-time monitoring of hemodynamics, thrombosis, and restenosis. It concludes with a discussion of the remaining challenges and future perspectives, thereby promoting the development of more effective cardiovascular therapies and their clinical applications.
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Funding information in the publication:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32271402), Shanghai Pujiang Program (22PJ1405100), and "Star of Jiao Tong University" Program of Medical and Industrial Cross-Research Fund (24X010301418, 25X010301345), Shanghai Post-doctoral Excellence Program (2024272). This work was partially supported by the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement [101126611]. M.R. is a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China.
