A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Scalable single-step fabrication of high-entropy oxide coatings by axial solution precursor plasma spray
Authors: Gidla, Vinay; Björklund, Stefan; Angervo, Ilari; Ganvir, Ashish; Joshi, Shrikant
Publisher: Elsevier
Publication year: 2026
Journal: Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Article number: 118150
Volume: 46
Issue: 8
ISSN: 0955-2219
eISSN: 1873-619X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118150
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Partially Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2026.118150
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/508995861
Self-archived copy's licence: CC BY
Self-archived copy's version: Publisher`s PDF
High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are promising for energy and structural applications, yet conventional synthesis routes yield powders that require multiple post-processing steps before use. This study demonstrates single-step fabrication of a transition-metal HEO coating via axial-fed solution precursor plasma spraying (SPPS) using equimolar Co-Cu-Mg-Ni-Zn nitrate hydrates. The resulting coatings are dense, adherent, and phase-pure, exhibiting a rock-salt structure confirmed by XRD, uniform cation distribution by SEM/EDS, and oxidized cations with oxygen-vacancy signatures by XPS. Comparative analysis of different spray conditions shows that phase purity and microstructure are governed by atomization and in-flight residence time, rather than plasma energy alone. The findings establish that suitable parameter control enables complete cation mixing and rapid in-flight phase formation without post-processing. This single-step route from solution to functional coatings provides a scalable pathway for HEO manufacture, with potential applications ranging from battery electrodes to high-temperature thermal and environmental barrier coatings (TBCs/EBCs) across different HEO families.
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Funding information in the publication:
Support from GREEN-BAT (Dnr 352517), co-funded by the Research Council of Finland, Vinnova (Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems) and the European Union under the MERA.NET 2021 framework, as well as the SOLACE (Dnr 360540) Academy research fellowship, funded by the Research Council of Finland enabled this work. Prof. Ashish Ganvir also extends his gratitude to the City of Turku for supporting his tenure-track grant and access to experimental facilities provided by the Finnish Digital Design and Manufacturing Infrastructure (FiDiEm).
