New genotypes of aflatoxigenic fungi from Egypt and the Philippines
: AboDalam T.H., Amra H., Sultan Y., Magan N., Carlobos-Lopez A.L., Cumagun C.J.R., Yli-Mattila T.
Publisher: Mushroom Research Foundation on behalf of IPEP
: 2020
: Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology)
: Cream
: 10
: 1
: 142
: 155
: 2229-2225
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5943/cream/10/1/15(external)
: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/50841555(external)
Aflatoxins (AFs), mainly produced by Aspergillus section Flavi, are the major natural toxins of crops and commodities in hot climatic geographic regions. These toxins are considered as type A carcinogens. One hundred and sixty single spore isolates of A. section Flavi were isolated from two different geographical places, Egypt and the Philippines. A quarter (26.5%) of the isolates was able to produce AFs. Four chemotypes of aflatoxin-producing fungi were obtained. Surprisingly, all aflatoxin-producing A. nomius isolates produced higher amounts (2400-40400 ng ml-1) of total AFs (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2) than the toxigenic A. flavus isolates (<1200 ng ml-1). All isolates producing AFs gave PCR products with the ver-1/ver-2 and ordAF/ordAR primers, which amplify ver-1 and ordA genes in the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. Based on PCR products of ver-1 gene, new genotypes of aflatoxigenic fungi were found which revealed the variability of AFs production between different isolates depending on the region of the isolation.