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Bird Sounds Global - model builder: An end-to-end workflow for building locally fine-tuned bird classifiers
Authors: Lauha, Patrik; Rannisto, Meeri; Somervuo, Panu; Heikkinen, Mikko; Hardwick, Bess; Kerdraon, Deirdre; Nokelainen, Ossi; Andrejeff, Sebastian; Lehikoinen, Petteri; Acevedo-Charry, Orlando; Adalsteinsson, Solny A.; Agger, Cain; Alcobia, Sandra; Aldará, Jón; Alvarez, Maikel; Andersen, Hans Jørgen S.; Andrew, Nigel R.; Anslan, Sten; Antonelli, Alexandre; Aragón, Roxana; Arena, Julieta Soledad; Aster, Ines; Balestrieri, Rosario; Banelyte, Gaia Giedre; Barrett, Adrian; Barrio, Isabel C.; Beaudreault, Seth R.; Beja, Pedro; Bergerot, Benjamin; Biro, Elizabeth G.; Birot, Hélène; Björk, Robert G.; Björkman, Mats P.; Blendinger, Pedro G.; Bollache, Loïc; Bou Dagher Kharrat, Magda; Boyer, Stephane; Bridell, Erika; Brotherson, Martyn; Brown, Leslie R.; Buckley, Hannah L.; Buscardo, Erika; Buthelezi, Nokuphila; Cagnolo, Luciano; Calvente, Alice; Capobianco, Giovanni; Carreón-Palau, Laura; Carrière, Suzanne; Casale, Fabio; Case, Bradley S.; Chang, JenYu; Chaparro, Juan M.; Chen, Chi-Ling; Chicoine, Christine; Christensson, Madeleine; Chumo, Shadrack K.; Colom Montero, William; Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania; Costa, Sidney D. R.; Cowan, Liam; Cross, Joseph; Da Fonseca, Ricardo D. S.; da Silva, Wigna C.; De Francesco, Maria C.; Del Ángel-Rodríguez, Jorge A.; Díaz-Delgado, Ricardo; Diaz-Pulido, Angélica; Dirnböck, Thomas; Djukic, Ika; Dladla, Philile; Domínguez Masciale, Jeremías; Dorigo, Thiago A.; Douwes, Errol; Eckelt, Andreas; Ekrem, Torbjørn; El Chamy, Laure; Enderskog, Helena; Falahati Anbaran, Mohsen; Farrell, Arielle; Fisher, Brian L.; Freiberga, Inga; Frosch-Radivo, Andrea; Ganchozo Intriago, Luis A.; Gandoy, Facundo; Garzoli, Laura; Gaviraghi Mussoi, Juliane; Gerlich, Sørine; Gianuca, Andros T.; Gilg, Olivier; Gilg, Vladimir; Gili, Fabrizio; Gísladóttir, Fanney; Glowacki, Ryan; Gordo, Oscar; Gottsberger, Brigitte; Griem, Lukas; Groner, Elli; Guedes, Patrícia; Haase, Peter; Haidegger, Magdalena; Hämäläinen, Karoliina; Hänninen, Jari; Hansen, Lars H.; Hansen, Leivur J.; Harrop, Reid A.; Havnås, Harald; Ho, Chris C.Y.; Höglund, Linda; Honnavar, Prasanna; Høye, Toke T.; Huszarik, Maike; í Haraldsstovu, Kolbrún; Inkinen, Jasmin; Ishihara, Masae I.; Jackson, Abigail C.; Jacot, Alain; Jansson, Gunnar; Jaroszewicz, Bogdan; Jeffery Brown, Helena; Jha, Rohit; Kahale, Rhea; Kalttopää, Oula; Kandlikar, Gaurav S.; Karai, Elizabeth W.; Karlsson, Dave; Kaus-Thiel, Andrea; Keurulainen, Siiri M.; Kimoto, Keishi; Klante, Clemens; Klinth, Mårten; König, Sebastian T.; Koskinen, Janne; Kotakorpi, Matti; Kreiling, Agnes-Katharina; Krisai-Greilhuber, Irmgard; Kuemmerle, Tobias; Kupagme, John Y.; Lecomte, Erin; Lecomte, Nicolas; Leitman, Paula M.; Leppänen, Elli; Li, Daijiang; Lindgren, Amelie; Lönnqvist, Wilhelm; Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos; Mangini, Giselle G.; Marchetto, Aldo; Maroschek, Michael; Mata, Vanessa A.; Matsuoka, Shunsuke; Mcclean, Luke A.; Mcdonald, Paul G.; Meléndez-González, Mayra; Melville, Haemish I. A.; Mendoza-Henao, Angela M.; Merkujeva, Marija; Molin, Anamaria D.; Moore, David; Moreau, Sebastien; Moyer, Esteban; Mrazova, Anna; Müller, Jörg; Mteshane, Samantha; Mungai, Nancy W.; Musazzi, Simona; Mutanen, Marko; Nagy, Laszlo; Ndlovu, Monica; Nicolai, Annegret; Niessner, Armin; Nordén, Jenni; Nurse, Oraine; O'Connell, Erin; Ochoa, Yovany; Oja, Jane; Övergaard, Robyn; Paavola, Riku K.; Pagnon, Thomas; Pantoja, Yurani; Pastoriza, Alberto; Paulaniemi, Niklas; Pentinsaari, Mikko; Phillips, Alexander; Pinder, Adrian; Pinheiro, Thiago; Põlme, Sergei; Powell, Luke L.; Průchová, Alexandra; Queralt, Enrique; Quilantang, Mark; Quinlan, Kirsty; Raharinjanahary, Dimby; Rajoelison, Eric T.; Randrianaina, Linah A.; Rankinen, Juha; Rasino, Micaela D. V.; Rebelo, Rui; Reneerkens, Jeroen; Renne, Vera M. A.; Ridha, Hassan; Rogers, Hanna M. K.; Rosário, Inês T.; Ruohomäki, Anu; Rütting, Tobias; Sabard, Brigitte; Saenz-Paez, Vanessa; Saliba, Carole; Sam, Katerina; Santos, Douglas; Santos-Reis, Margarida; Schattanek-Wiesmair, Benjamin; Schiestl-Aalto, Pauliina; Schmidt, Niels M.; Schwandner, Imogen A.; Seibold, Sebastian; Seidl, Rupert; Seoane, Javier; da Silva, Luis P.; Singer, Claire; Sithole, Malibongwe; Sivault, Elise; Smith, Rhian J.; Soda, Ayaka; Sousa-Lima, Renata S.; Stanisci, Angela; Steenkamp, Daleen; Stewart, Johanna; Stewart, Tessa; Stoll, Stefan; Strauss, Willem Maartin; Sujala, Maija; Sundell, Janne; Svavarsdóttir, Jónína; Tedersoo, Leho; Tuominen, Esa-Pekka; Tweraser, Stefanie; Ulloa, Catalina; Uusitalo, Joni; Valle Piñuela, Carlos A.; Vallinmäki, Mikko; Vannier, Fabrice; Varela, Abigail; Vatka, Emma; Veikkolainen, Silja; Vernes, Karl; Vlasata, Tereza; Watts, Phillip C.; Weslien, Per; Westin, Johan; Wilson, Joanna; Wirth, Ciara F.; Wisniewski, Jana H.; Young, Amanda B.; Zwerts, Joeri A.; Lehikoinen, Aleksi; Roslin, Tomas; Ovaskainen, Otso
Publication year: 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176599468.88578746/v1
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176599468.88578746/v1
Preprint address: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176599468.88578746/v1
Rapid and widespread declines in global biodiversity call for scalable methods to detect local changes. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) offers significant potential by producing extensive datasets on vocal taxa, such as birds. While automated species classification methods are developing fast, the uptake of these methods requires technical expertise and often substantial annotation effort. Bird Sounds Global (BSG) model builder is an end-to-end workflow for building custom bird sound classifiers for specific study areas and species sets. By applying this workflow to six case studies, we demonstrate how fine-tuning a classifier with local training data substantially improves the classification performance. BSG currently holds annotations from 190 users, including 37,005 ten-second soundscape segments representing 807 species recorded in 30 countries. By enabling users to annotate soundscapes for their own research needs while simultaneously contributing to a shared global reference database, BSG constitutes a global community effort to advance automated bird sound classification.
Funding information in the publication:
The authors have received funding from following sources: OO, TRo: European Research Council (856506); OO, ALe: Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, OO: Research Council of Finland (336212 and 345110); LB, OGi, TPa: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-21-CE02-0024 PACS); BSC, HLB: Auckland University of Technology; ANic, BB: Centre national de la recherche scientifique; LB, OGi, TPa: Centre national de la recherche scientifique (SEE-Life); CSa, LEC, MBDK, RK: Conseil de la recherche de l’USJ; IF, KS, TV: Czech Science Foundation (22-17593M); JRe, LHH, NMS: Danish Environmental Protection Agency; TK: European Reseach Council (101001239); AMr, ES, IF, KS: European Reseach Council (805189); LLP, PG: European Reseach Council (854248); ID, TD: European Reseach Council (871128); MPB: FORMAS – Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development (2022-00786); JDM, JSA, LCa: Fondo para la Investigaci´on Cient´ıfica y Tecnol´ogica (PICT 2021-0670); LB, OGi, TPa: French Polar Institute-IPEV (Interactions 1036); AMa, FC, FGil, LGa, SMu: Italian Integrated Environmental Research Infrastructures System (CUP B53C22002150006); CSa, LEC, MBDK, RK: Jouzour Loubnan; ASt, MCDF: National Recovery and Resilience Plan (CN_00000033); JN: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; AA, PML, RJS, TAD: RBG Kew Development; PSA: Research Council of Finland (358647); LCP: Sistema Nacional de Investigadores. Secretaria de Ciencias Humanidades Tecnolog´ıa e Innovaci´on (201104); ALi, GJ, LH, MC, PW, TR¨u: Swedish Research Council (2021-00164); MPB: Swedish Research Council (2021-04011); RGB: Swedish Research Council (2023-04048); AA: Swedish Research Council (2024-04303); CK, JRa: Sydvatten AB.
