Rivers are critical water sources for human societies but are increasingly threatened by land use and climate changes. Agriculture tends to have the largest overall impact on river water quality, particularly in regions with intensive farming practices. It is a major source of excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus from fertilizers, which cause eutrophication in rivers. Additionally, climate change intensifies these effects by altering rainfall patterns and raising water temperatures, leading to more frequent floods and droughts, which disrupt water quality and quantity in river ecosystems. Therefore, understanding the impacts of agricultural land use changes together with climate change towards nutrient loads in rivers is crucial for identifying hotspots and making corrective interventions. However, many studies focus on either land-use or climate factors individually, leaving gaps in our understanding of how these factors interact towards nutrient loads in rivers. This PhD project aims to evaluate and quantify the nutrient loads within Finnish agricultural rivers under the combined impacts of land use and climate changes. Using a novel integration of remote sensing and field data, statistics, and modeling, the project will identify critical hotspots, and assess variations across spatial, seasonal, and temporal scales. The findings will inform targeted interventions to protect and improve water quality in river ecosystems under changing environmental conditions.