A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Euclid preparation LXXIV. Euclidised observations of Hubble Frontier Fields and CLASH galaxy clusters
Authors: Bergamini, P.; Meneghetti, M.; Angora, G.; Bazzanini, L.; Rosati, P.; Grillo, C.; Lombardi, M.; Abriola, D.; Mercurio, A.; Calura, F.; Despali, G.; Diego, J.M.; Gavazzi, R.; Hudelot, P.; Leuzzi, L.; Mahler, G.; Merlin, E.; Scarlata, C.; Aghanim, N.; Altieri, B.; Amara, A.; Andreon, S.; Auricchio, N.; Baccigalupi, C.; Baldi, M.; Bardelli, S.; Bender, R.; Bodendorf, C.; Bonino, D.; Branchini, E.; Brescia, M.; Brinchmann, J.; Camera, S.; Capobianco, V.; Carbone, C.; Carretero, J.; Casas, S.; Castander, F.J.; Castellano, M.; Castignani, G.; Cavuoti, S.; Cimatti, A.; Colodro-Conde, C.; Congedo, G.; Conselice, C.J.; Conversi, L.; Copin, Y.; Courbin, F.; Courtois, H.M.; Cropper, M.; Da Silva, A.; Degaudenzi, H.; De Lucia, G.; Di Giorgio, A.M.; Dinis, J.; Douspis, M.; Dubath, F.; Dupac, X.; Dusini, S.; Farina, M.; Farrens, S.; Ferriol, S.; Frailis, M.; Franceschi, E.; Fumana, M.; Galeotta, S.; Garilli, B.; George, K.; Gillis, B.; Giocoli, C.; Grazian, A.; Grupp, F.; Guzzo, L.; Haugan, S.V.H.; Holmes, W.; Hook, I.; Hormuth, F.; Hornstrup, A.; Jahnke, K.; Keihänen, E.; Kermiche, S.; Kiessling, A.; Kilbinger, M.; Kubik, B.; Kümmel, M.; Kunz, M.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Laureijs, R.; Ligori, S.; Lilje, P.B.; Lindholm, V.; Lloro, I.; Mainetti, G.; Maino, D.; Maiorano, E.; Mansutti, O.; Marggraf, O.; Markovič, K.; Martinelli, M.; Martinet, N.; Marulli, F.; Massey, R.; Maurogordato, S.; Medinaceli, E.; Mei, S.; Mellier, Y.; Meylan, G.; Moresco, M.; Moscardini, L.; Munari, E.; Nakajima, R.; Neissner, C.; Niemi, S.-M.; Nightingale, J.W.; Padilla, C.; Paltani, S.; Pasian, F.; Pedersen, K.; Pettorino, V.; Pires, S.; Polenta, G.; Poncet, M.; Popa, L.A.; Pozzetti, L.; Raison, F.; Rebolo, R.; Renzi, A.; Rhodes, J.; Riccio, G.; Romelli, E.; Roncarelli, M.; Rossetti, E.; Saglia, R.; Sakr, Z.; Sánchez, A.G.; Sapone, D.; Sartoris, B.; Schirmer, M.; Schneider, P.; Secroun, A.; Sefusatti, E.; Seidel, G.; Serrano, S.; Sirignano, C.; Sirri, G.; Stanco, L.; Steinwagner, J.; Tallada-Crespí, P.; Teplitz, H.I.; Tereno, I.; Toledo-Moreo, R.; Torradeflot, F.; Tutusaus, I.; Valenziano, L.; Vassallo, T.; Verdoes Kleijn, G.; Veropalumbo, A.; Wang, Y.; Weller, J.; Zamorani, G.; Zucca, E.; Biviano, A.; Bolzonella, M.; Boucaud, A.; Bozzo, E.; Burigana, C.; Calabrese, M.; Di Ferdinando, D.; Escartin Vigo, J.A.; Farinelli, R.; Gracía-Carpio, J.; Mauri, N.; Scottez, V.; Tenti, M.; Viel, M.; Wiesmann, M.; Akrami, Y.; Allevato, V.; Anselmi, S.; Ballardini, M.; Béthermin, M.; Blanchard, A.; Blot, L.; Borgani, S.; Borlaff, A.S.; Bruton, S.; Cabanac, R.; Calabro, A.; Cañas-Herrera, G.; Cappi, A.; Carvalho, C.S.; Castro, T.; Chambers, K.C.; Contarini, S.; Contini, T.; Cooray, A.R.; Cucciati, O.; de Caro, B.; Desprez, G.; Díaz-sánchez, A.; Di Domizio, S.; Dole, H.; Escoffier, S.; Ferrari, A.G.; Ferrero, I.; Finelli, F.; Fornari, F.; Gabarra, L.; Ganga, K.; García-Bellido, J.; Gautard, V.; Gaztañaga, E.; Giacomini, F.; Gozaliasl, G.; Hall, A.; Hildebrandt, H.; Hjorth, J.; Huertas-Company, M.; Jimenez Muñoz, A.; Kajava, J.J.E.; Kansal, V.; Karagiannis, D.; Kirkpatrick, C.C.; Legrand, L.; Libet, G.; Loureiro, A.; Maggio, G.; Magliocchetti, M.; Mancini, C.; Mannucci, F.; Maoli, R.; Martins, C.J.A.P.; Matthew, S.; Maurin, L.; Metcalf, R.B.; Monaco, P.; Moretti, C.; Morgante, G.; Walton, N.A.; Odier, J.; Patrizii, L.; Pezzotta, A.; Pöntinen, M.; Popa, V.; Porciani, C.; Potter, D.; Risso, I.; Rocci, P.-F.; Sahlén, M.; Schneider, A.; Sereno, M.; Simon, P.; Spurio Mancini, A.; Stanford, S.A.; Tao, C.; Testera, G.; Teyssier, R.; Toft, S.; Tosi, S.; Troja, A.; Tucci, M.; Valieri, C.; Väliviita, J.; Vergani, D.; Verza, G.; Euclid Collaboration
Publisher: EDP Sciences
Publication year: 2025
Journal: Astronomy and Astrophysics
Article number: A73
Volume: 702
ISSN: 0004-6361
eISSN: 1432-0746
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202553984
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202553984
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/505602189
We present HST2EUCLID, a novel Python code to generate Euclid realistic mock images in the HE, JE, YE, and IE photometric bands based on panchromatic Hubble Space Telescope observations. The software was used to create a simulated database of Euclid images for the 27 galaxy clusters observed during the Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) and the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) program. Since the mock images were generated from real observations, they incorporate, by construction, all the complexity of the observed galaxy clusters. The simulated Euclid data of the galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403 were then used to explore the possibility of developing strong lensing models based on the Euclid data. In this context, complementary photometric or spectroscopic follow-up campaigns are required to measure the redshifts of multiple images and cluster member galaxies. By Euclidising six parallel blank fields obtained during the HFF program, we provide an estimate of the number of galaxies detectable in Euclid images per deg2 per magnitude bin (number counts) and the distribution of the galaxy sizes. Finally, we present a preview of the Chandra Deep Field South that will be observed during the Euclid Deep Survey and two examples of galaxy-scale strong lensing systems residing in regions of the sky covered by the Euclid Wide Survey. The methodology developed in this work lends itself to several additional applications, as simulated Euclid fields based on HST (or JWST) imaging with extensive spectroscopic information can be used to validate the feasibility of legacy science cases or to train deep learning techniques in advance, thus preparing for a timely exploitation of the Euclid Survey data.
Downloadable publication This is an electronic reprint of the original article. |  |
Funding information in the publication:
We acknowledge financial support through grants PRIN-MIUR 2017WSCC32 and 2020SKSTHZ. PB acknowledges financial support from ASI through the agreement ASI-INAF n. 2018-29-HH.0. MM acknowledges support from the Italian Space Agency (ASI) through contract “Euclid – Phase E” and “Euclid – Phase D”. LB is indebted to the communities behind the multiple free, libre, and open-source software packages on which we all depend on. The Euclid Consortium acknowledges the European Space Agency and a number of agencies and institutes that have supported the development of Euclid, in particular the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, the Austrian Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft funded through BMK, the Belgian Science Policy, the Canadian Euclid Consortium, the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, the DTU Space and the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark, the French Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, the Netherlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie, the Norwegian Space Agency, the Research Council of Finland, the Romanian Space Agency, the State Secretariat for Education, Research, and Innovation (SERI) at the Swiss Space Office (SSO), and the United Kingdom Space Agency.
