A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal

The outsourced planning of active mobility systems in Caracas: planning professionals’ insights on the power of consultants




AuthorsHernandez, Victoria Bueno Andrea; Mattila, Hanna

PublisherInforma UK Limited

Publication year2025

Journal: Planning Practice and Research

ISSN0269-7459

eISSN1360-0583

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2025.2589224

Publication's open availability at the time of reportingNo Open Access

Publication channel's open availability Partially Open Access publication channel

Web address https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2025.2589224


Abstract

This article discusses the power that consultants wield in the planning of active mobility systems in Caracas, Venezuela. It asks whether the major role that consultants play should be understood as a case of ‘consultocracy’, where reliance on external expertise undermines the legitimacy of public governance. Consultants in Caracas often frame their work in terms of serving the public interest, mediating between antagonistic actors and keeping long-term planning alive in an unstable political environment. Nonetheless, their position remains precarious: consultants are often torn between public interest, sectoral interests and the pressures of ensuring their own survival on the market.



Last updated on 23/01/2026 10:37:43 AM