A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
The outsourced planning of active mobility systems in Caracas: planning professionals’ insights on the power of consultants
Authors: Hernandez, Victoria Bueno Andrea; Mattila, Hanna
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Publication year: 2025
Journal: Planning Practice and Research
ISSN: 0269-7459
eISSN: 1360-0583
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2025.2589224
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: No Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Partially Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2025.2589224
This article discusses the power that consultants wield in the planning of active mobility systems in Caracas, Venezuela. It asks whether the major role that consultants play should be understood as a case of ‘consultocracy’, where reliance on external expertise undermines the legitimacy of public governance. Consultants in Caracas often frame their work in terms of serving the public interest, mediating between antagonistic actors and keeping long-term planning alive in an unstable political environment. Nonetheless, their position remains precarious: consultants are often torn between public interest, sectoral interests and the pressures of ensuring their own survival on the market.