A2 Refereed review article in a scientific journal
Electroactive ceramic biomaterials on the principle of bone piezoelectricity towards advanced bone engineering
Authors: Nakamura, Miho; Yamashita, Kimihiro
Publisher: ELSEVIER
Publication year: 2026
Journal: Biomaterials advances
Article number: 214495
Volume: 179
ISSN: 2772-9516
eISSN: 2772-9508
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioadv.2025.214495
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Partially Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioadv.2025.214495
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/500350625
Self-archived copy's licence: CC BY
Self-archived copy's version: Publisher`s PDF
This review concentrates on the electroactive ceramic biointerfaces inspired by bone piezoelectricity for advanced ceramic biomaterials. Bone generates electrical potentials through the piezoelectric properties of collagen fibrils and apatite minerals under mechanical loading. These electrical signals influence osteoconductivity and regenerative capacity by osteogenic cells. Synthetic ceramic biomaterials can be electrically polarized to mimic bone's natural electroactivity. Polarization improves surface wettability of biomaterial surfaces by increasing surface free energy, promoting serum protein adsorption and osteoblast adhesion while also influencing osteoclast differentiation. These surface modifications by polarization can be achieved without changing surface morphology or crystallinity and offer stable and long-lasting bioactivity at biointerface. This review details the physicochemical mechanisms underlying polarization, protein interaction, and cellular responses at biointerface. Understanding these interactions enables the rational design of electroactive ceramics that effectively guide bone regeneration. Polarized ceramics demonstrate potential as electroactive and long lifetime biomaterials in orthopedic, dental, and soft-tissue applications, suggesting a broad translational scope for regenerative medicine.
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Funding information in the publication:
This study was financially supported by the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation (#230131), the Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (#23K08670) and the Murata Science Foundation.
