ESR Essentials: acute infections of the head and neck—practice recommendations by the European Society of Head and Neck Radiology - UTU Research Portal

A2 Refereed review article in a scientific journal

ESR Essentials: acute infections of the head and neck—practice recommendations by the European Society of Head and Neck Radiology

Authors: Hirvonen, Jussi; Lingam, Ravi Kumar; Connor, Steve

Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Publishing place: NEW YORK

Publication year: 2025

Journal: European Radiology

Journal name in source: European Radiology

Journal acronym: EUR RADIOL

Number of pages: 10

ISSN: 0938-7994

eISSN: 1432-1084

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-025-11818-4

Web address : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-025-11818-4

Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/499222488

Abstract

Acute head and neck infections are common in the population and can have serious complications. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid morbidity and mortality. Imaging is not indicated for uncomplicated acute rhinosinusitis, otomastoiditis, or limited face and neck soft tissue infections (such as tonsillar or odontogenic infections). However, the presence of facial swelling, severe pain, neurological symptoms, and eye signs suggests a complicated infection and warrants emergency imaging. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is the primary imaging modality due to its wide availability and ability to show edema and drainable abscesses in the soft tissues, as well as bone resorption. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) benefits from superior soft tissue contrast, so it may be additive for the demonstration of orbital, skull base, and intracranial complications, as well as neck soft tissue involvement. Complications, such as orbital or intracranial extension, vascular thrombosis, and mediastinal involvement, should be noted on imaging. Follow-up imaging may be required based on clinical grounds and should mention residual disease and surgical drains.

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s00330-025-11818-4.pdf

Funding information in the publication:
This article was endorsed by the Executive Council of the European Society of Radiology (ESR) and the Executive Committee of the European Society of Head and Neck Radiology (ESHNR) in May 2025.