A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Two-Part Interplanetary Type II Solar Radio Bursts
Authors: Pohjolainen, Silja
Publisher: SPRINGER
Publishing place: DORDRECHT
Publication year: 2025
Journal: Solar Physics
Journal name in source: SOLAR PHYSICS
Journal acronym: SOL PHYS
Article number: 25
Volume: 300
Issue: 3
Number of pages: 18
ISSN: 0038-0938
eISSN: 1573-093X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-025-02449-5
Web address : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-025-02449-5
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/492044596
Two similar-looking, two-part interplanetary type II burst events from 2003 and 2012 are reported and analysed. The 2012 event was observed from three different viewing angles, enabling comparisons between the spacecraft data. In these two events, a diffuse wide-band type II radio burst was followed by a type II burst, which showed emission at the fundamental and harmonic (F-H) plasma frequencies, and these emission bands were also slightly curved in their frequency-time evolution. Both events were associated with high-speed, halo-type coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In both events, the diffuse type II burst was most probably created by a bow shock at the leading front of the CME. However, for the later appearing F-H type II burst, there are at least two possible explanations. In the 2003 event, there is evidence of CME interaction with a streamer, with a possible shift from a bow shock to a CME flank shock. In the 2012 event, a separate white-light shock front was observed at lower heights, and it could have acted as the driver of the F-H type II burst. There is also some speculation on the existence of two separate CMEs, launched from the same active region, close in time. The reason for the diffuse type II burst being visible only from one viewing direction (STEREO-A) and the ending of the diffuse emission before the F-H type II burst appears still need explanations.
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Funding information in the publication:
Open Access funding provided by University of Turku (including Turku University Central Hospital).
