A1 Vertaisarvioitu alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä lehdessä
Thermal homogenization of boreal communities in response to climate warming
Tekijät: Mäkinen, Jussi; Ellis, Emilie E.; Antão, Laura H.; Davrinche, Andréa; Laine, Anna-Liisa; Saastamoinen, Marjo; Conenna, Irene; Hällfors, Maria; Santangeli, Andrea; Kaarlejärvi, Elina; Heliölä, Janne; Huikkonen, Ida-Maria; Kuussaari, Mikko; Leinonen, Reima; Lehikoinen, Aleksi; Pöyry, Juha; Suuronen, Anna; Salemaa, Maija; Tonteri, Tiina; Vuorio, Kristiina M.; Skjelbred, Birger; Järvinen, Marko; Drakare, Stina; Carvalho, Laurence; Welk, Erik; Seidler, Gunnar; Vangansbeke, Pieter; Máliš, František; Hédl, Radim; Auffret, Alistair G.; Plue, Jan; De Frenne, Pieter; Kalwij, Jesse M.; Vanhatalo, Jarno; Roslin, Tomas
Kustantaja: National Academy of Sciences
Julkaisuvuosi: 2025
Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Tietokannassa oleva lehden nimi: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Artikkelin numero: e2415260122
Vuosikerta: 122
Numero: 17
ISSN: 0027-8424
eISSN: 1091-6490
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2415260122
Verkko-osoite: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2415260122
Rinnakkaistallenteen osoite: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/491813275
Globally, rising temperatures are increasingly favoring warm-affiliated species. Although changes in community composition are typically measured by the mean temperature affinity of species (the community temperature index, CTI), they may be driven by different processes and accompanied by shifts in the diversity of temperature affinities and breadth of species thermal niches. To resolve the pathways to community warming in Finnish flora and fauna, we examined multidecadal changes in the dominance and diversity of temperature affinities among understory forest plant, freshwater phytoplankton, butterfly, moth, and bird communities. CTI increased for all animal communities, with no change observed for plants or phytoplankton. In addition, the diversity of temperature affinities declined for all groups except butterflies, and this loss was more pronounced for the fastest-warming communities. These changes were driven in animals mainly by a decrease in cold-affiliated species and an increase in warm-affiliated species. In plants and phytoplankton the decline of thermal diversity was driven by declines of both cold- and warm-affiliated species. Plant and moth communities were increasingly dominated by thermal specialist species, and birds by thermal generalists. In general, climate warming outpaced changes in both the mean and diversity of temperature affinities of communities. Our results highlight the complex dynamics underpinning the thermal reorganization of communities across a large spatiotemporal gradient, revealing that extinctions of cold-affiliated species and colonization by warm-affiliated species lag behind changes in ambient temperature, while communities become less thermally diverse. Such changes can have important implications for community structure and ecosystem functioning under accelerating rates of climate change.
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Julkaisussa olevat rahoitustiedot:
We thank Elisa Hanhirova and Ruby Fries for their great assistance with moth range maps. We are also indebted to Wayne Trodd, Ute Mischke, Martin Søndergaard, Audrone˙ Pumputyte˙, Agnieszka Pasztaleniec, Christophe Laplace-Treyture, Gábor Borics, Aldo Marchetto, and Otilia Mihail for their contributions to the phytoplankton dataset. The work was funded by the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation (J.M., E.E.E., A.-L.L., A.D., M. Saastamoinen, I.C., E.K., J.V., and T.R.); by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC-Synergy Grant 856506-LIFEPLAN to T.R.), by a Career Support Grant from the Vice Chancellor of the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (T.R.), by the Research Council of Finland (Grants 322266 to T.R., 347188 to E.K., 330739 to M.H., 362647 to A.L., and Grants 340280 and 361416 to L.H.A.), by the Swedish research council Formas (Grant FR-2019/0007 to T.R.) and by long-term research development project RVO 67985939 awarded to the Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (R.H.). The present research was carried out within the framework of the activities of the Spanish Government through the “Maria de Maeztu Centre of Excellence” accreditation to IMEDEA (a joint research center between the Spanish National Research Council and the University of the Balearic Islands) (CEX2021-001198). A. Santangeli acknowledges support from the European Commission through the Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions individual fellowships (Grant No. 101027534). The annual line transect surveys of birds, the Finnish Moth Monitoring Scheme (Nocturna), and the Butterfly Monitoring Scheme in Finnish Agricultural Landscapes (Diurna) were supported by the Ministry of the Environment (Finland). We thank all the volunteers and researchers who have collected and curated the data over several decades. Finally, we thank Tanja Lindholm, Bess Hardwick, and Manuel Frias for their support in curating the species data.
