A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Target Hollywood! Examining Japan's Film Import Ban in the 1930s
Authors: Stephen Ranger
Publisher: Durham University & Wiley
Publication year: 2020
Journal: Global Policy
Journal name in source: GLOBAL POLICY
Journal acronym: GLOB POLICY
Volume: 11
Issue: S2
First page : 65
Last page: 71
Number of pages: 7
ISSN: 1758-5880
eISSN: 1758-5899
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12818
Web address : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1758-5899.12818
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/49095821
In the 1930s Hollywood enjoyed a popular following in the Japanese film market, accounting for almost 90 per cent of imported sound films. Against a backdrop of emerging political tensions and war in China, the Japanese government announced in 1937 that it would place a ban on Hollywood film imports. This was a move that ushered in a new era of protectionism for Japan's emerging film industry. Following this decision, Hollywood studios engaged with Tokyo and sought an agreement to ease the new restrictions. After a period of intense discussions, the Japanese government agreed to lift the ban albeit with certain conditions. This paper examines protectionism in the Japanese film market and considers the impact of political forces, both domestic and international, on the decisions made. It will show that economic factors were mostly behind the decision to implement the ban and therefore facilitated the reaching of an agreement between the two sides. Furthermore, the interests of the domestic film industry who would benefit from the import of Hollywood films helped lift the ban.
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