Low emission logistics have become an expected and desired goal in all
fields of transportation, particularly in the European Union. Heavy-duty
trucks (HDTs) are significant producers of emissions and pollution in
inland transports. Their role is significant, as in multimodal transport
chains truck transportation is, in most cases, the only viable solution
to connect hinterlands with ports. Diesel engines are the main power
source of trucks and their emission efficiency is the key challenge in
environmentally sound freight transportation. This review paper
addresses the academic literature focusing on truck emissions. The paper
relies on the preliminary hypothesis that simple single solutions are
nonexistent and that there will be a collection of suggestions and
solutions for improving the emission efficiency in trucks. The paper
focuses on the technical properties, emission types, and fuel solutions
used in freight logistics. Truck manufacturing, maintenance, and other
indirect emissions like construction of road infrastructure have been
excluded from this review.