The putative center in NGC 1052

: Baczko, Anne-Kathrin; Kadler, Matthias; Ros, Eduardo; Fromm, Christian M.; Wielgus, Maciek; Perucho, Manel; Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Baloković, Mislav; Blackburn, Lindy; Chan, Chi-kwan; Issaoun, Sara; Janssen, Michael; Ricci, Luca; Akiyama, Kazunori; Albentosa-Ruíz, Ezequiel; Alberdi, Antxon; Alef, Walter; Algaba, Juan Carlos; Anantua, Richard; Asada, Keiichi; Azulay, Rebecca; Bach, Uwe; Ball, David; Bandyopadhyay, Bidisha; Barrett, John; Bauböck, Michi; Benson, Bradford A.; Bintley, Dan; Blundell, Raymond; Bouman, Katherine L.; Bower, Geoffrey C.; Boyce, Hope; Bremer, Michael; Brinkerink, Christiaan D.; Brissenden, Roger; Britzen, Silke; Broderick, Avery E.; Broguiere, Dominique; Bronzwaer, Thomas; Bustamante, Sandra; Byun, Do-Young; Carlstrom, John E.; Ceccobello, Chiara; Chael, Andrew; Chang, Dominic O.; Chatterjee, Koushik; Chatterjee, Shami; Chen, Ming-Tang; Chen, Yongjun; Cheng, Xiaopeng; Cho, Ilje; Christian, Pierre; Conroy, Nicholas S.; Conway, John E.; Cordes, James M.; Crawford, Thomas M.; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro; Cui, Yuzhu; Dahale, Rohan; Davelaar, Jordy; De Laurentis, Mariafelicia; Deane, Roger; Dempsey, Jessica; Desvignes, Gregory; Dexter, Jason; Dhruv, Vedant; Dihingia, Indu K.; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Dougall, Sean Taylor; Dzib, Sergio A.; Eatough, Ralph P.; Emami, Razieh; Falcke, Heino; Farah, Joseph; Fish, Vincent L.; Fomalont, Edward; Ford, Alyson H.; Foschi, Marianna; Fraga-Encinas, Raquel; Freeman, William T.; Friberg, Per; Fuentes, Antonio; Galison, Peter; Gammie, Charles F.; García, Roberto; Gentaz, Olivier; Georgiev, Boris; Goddi, Ciriaco; Gold, Roman; Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.; Gómez, José L.; Gu, Minfeng; Gurwell, Mark; Hada, Kazuhiro; Haggard, Daryl; Haworth, Kari; Hecht, Michael H.; Hesper, Ronald; Heumann, Dirk; Ho, Luis C.; Ho, Paul; Honma, Mareki; Huang, Chih-Wei L.; Huang, Lei; Hughes, David H.; Impellizzeri, Violette C.M.; Inoue, Makoto; James, David J.; Jannuzi, Buell T.; Jeter, Britton; Jiang, Wu; Jiménez-Rosales, Alejandra; Johnson, Michael D.; Jorstad, Svetlana; Joshi, Abhishek V.; Jung, Taehyun; Karami, Mansour; Karuppusamy, Ramesh; Kawashima, Tomohisa; Keating, Garrett K.; Kettenis, Mark; Kim, Dong-Jin; Kim, Jae-Young; Kim, Jongsoo; Kim, Junhan; Kino, Motoki; Koay, Jun Yi; Kocherlakota, Prashant; Kofuji, Yutaro; Koyama, Shoko; Kramer, Carsten; Kramer, Joana A.; Kramer, Michael; Kuo, Cheng-Yu; La Bella, Noemi; Lauer, Tod R.; Lee, Daeyoung; Lee, Sang-Sung; Leung, Po Kin; Levis, Aviad; Li, Zhiyuan; Lico, Rocco; Lindahl, Greg; Lindqvist, Michael; Lisakov, Mikhail; Liu, Jun; Liu, Kuo; Liuzzo, Elisabetta; Lo, Wen-Ping; Lobanov, Andrei P.; Loinard, Laurent; Lonsdale, Colin J.; Lowitz, Amy E.; Lu, Ru-Sen; MacDonald, Nicholas R.; Mao, Jirong; Marchili, Nicola; Markoff, Sera; Marrone, Daniel P.; Marscher, Alan P.; Martí-Vidal, Iván; Matsushita, Satoki; Matthews, Lynn D.; Medeiros, Lia; Menten, Karl M.; Michalik, Daniel; Mizuno, Izumi; Mizuno, Yosuke; Moran, James M.; Moriyama, Kotaro; Moscibrodzka, Monika; Mulaudzi, Wanga; Müller, Cornelia; Müller, Hendrik; Mus, Alejandro; Musoke, Gibwa; Myserlis, Ioannis; Nadolski, Andrew; Nagai, Hiroshi; Nagar, Neil M.; Nair, Dhanya G.; Nakamura, Masanori; Narayanan, Gopal; Natarajan, Iniyan; Nathanail, Antonios; Navarro, Fuentes Santiago; Neilsen, Joey; Neri, Roberto; Ni, Chunchong; Noutsos, Aristeidis; Nowak, Michael A.; Oh, Junghwan; Okino, Hiroki; Olivares, Sánchez Héctor Raúl; Ortiz-León, Gisela N.; Oyama, Tomoaki; Özel, Feryal; Palumbo, Daniel C.M.; Paraschos, Georgios Filippos; Park, Jongho; Parsons, Harriet; Patel, Nimesh; Pen, Ue-Li; Pesce, Dominic W.; Piétu, Vincent; Plambeck, Richard; PopStefanija, Aleksandar; Porth, Oliver; Pötzl, Felix M.; Prather, Ben; Preciado-López, Jorge A.; Principe, Giacomo; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Pu, Hung-Yi; Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh; Rao, Ramprasad; Rawlings, Mark G.; Raymond, Alexander W.; Ricarte, Angelo; Ripperda, Bart; Roelofs, Freek; Rogers, Alan; Romero-Cañizales, Cristina; Roshanineshat, Arash; Rottmann, Helge; Roy, Alan L.; Ruiz, Ignacio; Ruszczyk, Chet; Rygl, Kazi L.J.; Sánchez, Salvador; Sánchez-Argüelles, David; Sánchez-Portal, Miguel; Sasada, Mahito; Satapathy, Kaushik; Savolainen, Tuomas; Schloerb, Peter F.; Schonfeld, Jonathan; Schuster, Karl-Friedrich; Shao, Lijing; Shen, Zhiqiang; Small, Des; Sohn, Bong Won; SooHoo, Jason; Sosapanta, Salas León David; Souccar, Kamal; Stanway, Joshua S.; Sun, He; Tazaki, Fumie; Tetarenko, Alexandra J.; Tiede, Paul; Tilanus, Remo P.J.; Titus, Michael; Torne, Pablo; Toscano, Teresa; Traianou, Efthalia; Trent, Tyler; Trippe, Sascha; Turk, Matthew; van Bemmel, Ilse; van Langevelde, Huib Jan; van Rossum, Daniel R.; Vos, Jesse; Wagner, Jan; Ward-Thompson, Derek; Wardle, John; Washington, Jasmin E.; Weintroub, Jonathan; Wharton, Robert; Wiik, Kaj; Witzel, Gunther; Wondrak, Michael F.; Wong, George N.; Wu, Qingwen; Yadlapalli, Nitika; Yamaguchi, Paul; Yfantis, Aristomenis; Yoon, Doosoo; Young, André; Young, Ken; Younsi, Ziri; Yu, Wei; Yuan, Feng; Yuan, Ye-Fei; Zensus, Anton J.; Zhang, Shuo; Zhao, Guang-Yao

Publisher: EDP Sciences

: 2024

: Astronomy and Astrophysics

: Astronomy & Astrophysics

: A205

: 692

: 0004-6361

: 1432-0746

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450898

: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450898

: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/478115208

: 
This research is supported by the European Research Council advanced grant “M2FINDERS - Mapping Magnetic Fields with INterferometry Down to Event hoRizon Scales” (Grant No. 101018682) and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - grant 443220636, (FOR5195: Relativistic Jets in Active Galaxies). MP acknowledges support by the Spanish Ministry of Science through Grants PID2019-105510GB-C31/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PID2022-136828NB-C43, from the Generalitat Valenciana through grant CIPROM/2022/49, and from the Astrophysics and High Energy Physics programme supported by MCIN with funding from European Union NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1) and by Generalitat Valenciana through grant ASFAE/2022/005.

The Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration thanks the following organizations and programs: the Academia Sinica; the Academy of Finland (projects 274477, 284495, 312496, 315721); the Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (ANID), Chile via NCN19_058 (TITANs), Fondecyt 1221421 and BASAL FB210003; the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung; an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Allegro, the European ALMA Regional Centre node in the Netherlands, the NL astronomy research network NOVA and the astronomy institutes of the University of Amsterdam, Leiden University, and Radboud University; the ALMA North America Development Fund; the Astrophysics and High Energy Physics programme by MCIN (with funding from European Union NextGenerationEU, PRTR-C17I1); the Black Hole Initiative, which is funded by grants from the John Templeton Foundation (60477, 61497, 62286) and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Grant GBMF-8273) - although the opinions expressed in this work are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of these Foundations ; the Brinson Foundation; “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434) through fellowship codes LCF/BQ/DI22/11940027 and LCF/BQ/DI22/11940030; Chandra DD7-18089X and TM6-17006X; the China Scholarship Council; the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation fellowships (2020M671266, 2022M712084); Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología (CONAHCYT, Mexico, projects U0004-246083, U0004-259839, F0003-272050, M0037-279006, F0003-281692, 104497, 275201, 263356,CBF2023-2024-1102, 257435); the Colfuturo Scholarship; the Consejería de Economía, Conocimiento, Empresas y Universidad of the Junta de Andalucía (grant P18-FR-1769), the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (grant 2019AEP112); the Delaney Family via the Delaney Family John A. Wheeler Chair at Perimeter Institute; Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (DGAPA-UNAM, projects IN112820 and IN108324); the Dutch Research Council (NWO) for the VICI award (grant 639.043.513), the grant OCENW.KLEIN.113, and the Dutch Black Hole Consortium (with project No. NWA 1292.19.202) of the research programme the National Science Agenda; the Dutch National Supercomputers, Cartesius and Snellius (NWO grant 2021.013); the EACOA Fellowship awarded by the East Asia Core Observatories Association, which consists of the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; The European Research Council (ERC) Synergy Grant “BlackHoleCam: Imaging the Event Horizon of Black Holes” (grant 610058) and Synergy Grant “BlackHolistic: Colour Movies of Black Holes; Understanding Black Hole Astrophysics from the Event Horizon to Galactic Scales” (grant 10107164); the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements RadioNet (No. 730562), M2FINDERS (No. 101018682) and FunFiCO (No. 777740); the Horizon ERC Grants 2021 programme under grant agreement No. 101040021; the European Research Council for advanced grant ‘JETSET: Launching, propagation and emission of relativistic jets from binary mergers and across mass scales’ (grant No. 884631); the European Horizon Europe staff exchange (SE) programme HORIZON-MSCA-2021-SE-01 grant NewFunFiCO (No. 10108625); the FAPESP (Fundação de Amparo á Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo) under grant 2021/01183-8; the Fondo CAS-ANID folio CAS220010; the Generalitat Valenciana (grants APOSTD/2018/177 and ASFAE/2022/018) and GenT Program (project CIDEGENT/2018/021); the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF-3561, GBMF-5278, GBMF-10423); the Institute for Advanced Study; the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) sezione di Napoli, iniziative specifiche TEONGRAV; the International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne; DFG research grant “Jet physics on horizon scales and beyond” (grant No. 443220636); Joint Columbia/Flatiron Postdoctoral Fellowship (research at the Flatiron Institute is supported by the Simons Foundation); the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT; grant JPMXP1020200109); the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Research Fellowship (JP17J08829); the Joint Institute for Computational Fundamental Science, Japan; the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS, grants QYZDJ-SSW-SLH057, QYZDJSSW-SYS008, ZDBS-LY-SLH011); the Leverhulme Trust Early Career Research Fellowship; the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (MPG); the Max Planck Partner Group of the MPG and the CAS; the MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI (grants 18KK0090, JP21H01137, JP18H03721, JP18K13594, 18K03709, JP19K14761, 18H01245, 25120007, 23K03453, 22H00157); the MICINN Research Projects PID2019-108995GB-C22, PID2022-140888NB-C22 ; the MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI) Funds; the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Taiwan (103-2119-M-001-010-MY2, 105-2112-M-001-025-MY3, 105-2119-M-001-042, 106-2112-M-001-011, 106-2119-M-001-013, 106-2119-M-001-027, 106-2923-M-001-005, 107-2119-M-001-017, 107-2119-M-001-020, 107-2119-M-001-041, 107-2119-M-110-005, 107-2923-M-001-009, 108-2112-M-001-048, 108-2112-M-001-051, 108-2923-M-001-002, 109-2112-M-001-025, 109-2124-M-001-005, 109-2923-M-001-001, 110-2112-M-003-007-MY2, 110-2112-M-001-033, 110-2124-M-001-007, and 110-2923-M-001-001); the Ministry of Education (MoE) of Taiwan Yushan Young Scholar Program; the Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences of Taiwan; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, Fermi Guest Investigator grant 80NSSC20K1567, NASA Astrophysics Theory Program grant 80NSSC20K0527, NASA NuSTAR award 80NSSC20K0645); NASA Hubble Fellowship grants HST-HF2-51431.001-A, HST-HF2-51482.001-A, HST-HF2-51539.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555; the National Institute of Natural Sciences (NINS) of Japan; the National Key Research and Development Program of China (grant 2016YFA0400704, 2017YFA0402703, 2016YFA0400702); the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC, grants NSTC 111-2112-M-001 -041, NSTC 111-2124-M-001-005, NSTC 112-2124-M-001-014); the US National Science Foundation (NSF, grants AST-0096454, AST-0352953, AST-0521233, AST-0705062, AST-0905844, AST-0922984, AST-1126433, OIA-1126433, AST-1140030, DGE-1144085, AST-1207704, AST-1207730, AST-1207752, MRI-1228509, OPP-1248097, AST-1310896, AST-1440254, AST-1555365, AST-1614868, AST-1615796, AST-1715061, AST-1716327, AST-1726637, OISE-1743747, AST-1743747, AST-1816420, AST-1952099, AST-1935980, AST-2034306, AST-2205908, AST-2307887); NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship (AST-1903847); the Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 11650110427, 10625314, 11721303, 11725312, 11873028, 11933007, 11991052, 11991053, 12192220, 12192223, 12273022, 12325302, 12303021); the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, including a Discovery Grant and the NSERC Alexander Graham Bell Canada Graduate Scholarships-Doctoral Program); the National Youth Thousand Talents Program of China; the National Research Foundation of Korea (the Global PhD Fellowship Grant: grants NRF-2015H1A2A1033752, the Korea Research Fellowship Program: NRF-2015H1D3A1066561, Brain Pool Program: RS-2024-00407499, Basic Research Support Grant 2019R1F1A1059721, 2021R1A6A3A01086420, 2022R1C1C1005255, 2022R1F1A1075115); Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA) Virtual Institute of Accretion (VIA) postdoctoral fellowships; NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation; Onsala Space Observatory (OSO) national infrastructure, for the provisioning of its facilities/observational support (OSO receives funding through the Swedish Research Council under grant 2017-00648); the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics (research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through the Department of Innovation, Science and Economic Development and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Science); the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) grants (Individual CEEC program - 5th edition, https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/04106/2020, https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/04106/2020, PTDC/FIS-AST/3041/2020, CERN/FIS-PAR/0024/2021, 2022.04560.PTDC); the Princeton Gravity Initiative; the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (grants PGC2018-098915-B-C21, AYA2016-80889-P, PID2019-108995GB-C21, PID2020-117404GB-C21); the University of Pretoria for financial aid in the provision of the new Cluster Server nodes and SuperMicro (USA) for a SEEDING GRANT approved toward these nodes in 2020; the Shanghai Municipality orientation program of basic research for international scientists (grant no. 22JC1410600); the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai Branch (JCYJ-SHFY-2021-013); the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the “Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa” award for the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (SEV-2017- 0709); the Spanish Ministry for Science and Innovation grant CEX2021-001131-S funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; the Spinoza Prize SPI 78-409; the South African Research Chairs Initiative, through the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO, grant ID 77948), which is a facility of the National Research Foundation (NRF), an agency of the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI) of South Africa; the Toray Science Foundation; the Swedish Research Council (VR); the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant no. ST/X508329/1); the US Department of Energy (USDOE) through the Los Alamos National Laboratory (operated by Triad National Security, LLC, for the National Nuclear Security Administration of the USDOE, contract 89233218CNA000001); and the YCAA Prize Postdoctoral Fellowship; Conicyt through Fondecyt Postdoctorado (project 3220195).