A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
High Brown Fat Activity Correlates With Cardiovascular Risk Factor Levels Cross-Sectionally and Subclinical Atherosclerosis at 5-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Raiko J, Orava J, Savisto N, Virtanen KA
Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
Publication year: 2020
Journal: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Journal name in source: ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Journal acronym: ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS
Volume: 40
Issue: 5
First page : 1289
Last page: 1295
Number of pages: 7
ISSN: 1079-5642
eISSN: 1524-4636
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.313806
Web address : https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/ATVBAHA.119.313806
Abstract
Objective:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity correlates negatively with obesity and insulin resistance, and BAT has been suggested to act as a protective factor against atherogenesis. We aimed to examine subclinical atherosclerosis and risk factor levels in a group of individuals who had 5 years earlier participated in positron-emission tomography studies with measurements of BAT activity.Approach and Results:Study cohort (males/females=5/26, baseline age 41.4 +/- 7.9 years; body mass index, 26.8 +/- 6.3 kg/m(2)) underwent positron-emission tomography imaging at baseline with [F-18] FDG (glucose uptake) and [O-15] H2O (perfusion) to measure BAT activity during cold exposure. At 5-year follow-up, ultrasound was performed to measure carotid intima-media thickness, carotid distensibility (a marker of arterial elasticity), and brachial flow-mediated dilation (an estimate of endothelial function). Fasting plasma lipids and hemoglobin A1c were measured from venous samples at baseline and at follow-up. Median values were used as cut points for high cold-induced BAT activity (BAT glucose uptake >2.40 mu moL/100 g per minute and perfusion >8.4 mL/100 g per minute). Baseline cold-induced BAT glucose uptake and perfusion correlated directly with carotid distensibility and inversely with mean bulbus intima-media thickness and maximum intima-media thickness (P always <= 0.02). Baseline body mass index, plasma triglycerides, and HbA1c correlated negatively with BAT glucose uptake and perfusion in cold (P always <= 0.048). Correlations between cold-induced BAT activity, cardiovascular risk factors, and atherosclerosis were attenuated with corrections for multiple comparisons.Conclusions:Cold-induced BAT activity at baseline seems to correlate with lower levels of conventional cardiovascular risk factors at baseline and with lower carotid intima-media thickness and higher carotid elasticity at 5-year follow-up.
Objective:Brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity correlates negatively with obesity and insulin resistance, and BAT has been suggested to act as a protective factor against atherogenesis. We aimed to examine subclinical atherosclerosis and risk factor levels in a group of individuals who had 5 years earlier participated in positron-emission tomography studies with measurements of BAT activity.Approach and Results:Study cohort (males/females=5/26, baseline age 41.4 +/- 7.9 years; body mass index, 26.8 +/- 6.3 kg/m(2)) underwent positron-emission tomography imaging at baseline with [F-18] FDG (glucose uptake) and [O-15] H2O (perfusion) to measure BAT activity during cold exposure. At 5-year follow-up, ultrasound was performed to measure carotid intima-media thickness, carotid distensibility (a marker of arterial elasticity), and brachial flow-mediated dilation (an estimate of endothelial function). Fasting plasma lipids and hemoglobin A1c were measured from venous samples at baseline and at follow-up. Median values were used as cut points for high cold-induced BAT activity (BAT glucose uptake >2.40 mu moL/100 g per minute and perfusion >8.4 mL/100 g per minute). Baseline cold-induced BAT glucose uptake and perfusion correlated directly with carotid distensibility and inversely with mean bulbus intima-media thickness and maximum intima-media thickness (P always <= 0.02). Baseline body mass index, plasma triglycerides, and HbA1c correlated negatively with BAT glucose uptake and perfusion in cold (P always <= 0.048). Correlations between cold-induced BAT activity, cardiovascular risk factors, and atherosclerosis were attenuated with corrections for multiple comparisons.Conclusions:Cold-induced BAT activity at baseline seems to correlate with lower levels of conventional cardiovascular risk factors at baseline and with lower carotid intima-media thickness and higher carotid elasticity at 5-year follow-up.
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