A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Characteristics of Type 1 Diabetes Among Patients Carrying the Protective HLA-DQB1*06:02 Allele
Authors: Taka, Antti‐Mathias; Härkönen,Taina; Vähäsalo, Paula; Vatanen, Tommi; Lempainen, Johanna; Veijola, Riitta; Turtinen, Maaret; Ilonen, Jorma; Knip, Mikael; the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register
Publisher: Wiley
Publication year: 2024
Journal: HLA
Journal name in source: HLA
Journal acronym: HLA
Article number: e15720
Volume: 104
Issue: 5
ISSN: 2059-2302
eISSN: 2059-2310
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/tan.15720
Web address : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tan.15720
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/477038139
We set out to examine in an observational study characteristics of type 1 diabetes at the time of diagnosis among paediatric patients carrying the protective HLA class II DQB1*06:02 allele. We compared characteristics of type 1 diabetes among 5530 Finnish children aged 0-14 years diagnosed between 2003 and 2018. Seventy-five children with type 1 diabetes carried the DQB1*06:02 allele. The carriers of DQB1*06:02 allele were compared to all children with type 1 diabetes without this allele and those with a high-risk genotype. We also analysed, how does the genotype of a high-risk haplotype paired with DQB1*06:02 affect the phenotype of patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. Carriers of the DQB1*06:02 allele were diagnosed at an older age than those with any other HLA class II genotype (p = 0.003) or the high-risk genotype (p < 0.001). After adjusting the results for age and sex, no significant differences in clinical markers were observed. Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody (GADA) levels were higher among carriers of DQB1*06:02 when compared to those with other genotypes (p = 0.033). Having a high-risk haplotype paired with DQB1*06:02-positive haplotype was associated with higher levels of islet antigen 2 autoantibodies (IA-2A) (p < 0.001) and somewhat shorter duration of symptoms (p = 0.043). The association between the protective DQB1*06:02 allele and an older age at diagnosis as well as higher levels of GADA at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was confirmed. The effects of the DQB1*06:02-positive haplotype seem to dominate when paired with a high-risk haplotype.
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Funding information in the publication:
This work was supported by Medicinska understödsföreningen Liv och Hälsa, Finska Läkaresällskapet and Pediatric Research Foundation in Finland. The authors thank all the participants, hospitals and personnel of the Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register.
