A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal

Entering Trance, Entering Relationship: Liminality at the Finnish rock art sites




AuthorsUlla Valovesi

PublisherMadison, WI : University of Wisconsin Press

Publishing placeMadison, Wisconsin

Publication year2020

JournalArctic Anthropology

Volume57

Issue1

First page 100

Last page130

eISSN1933-8139

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3368/aa.57.1.100

Web address http://aa.uwpress.org/content/57/1/100.abstract

Self-archived copy’s web addresshttps://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/47373403


Abstract

This article presents four new possible images of drums in the Finnish rock art, and
considers these, and apparent dancing images as an acoustic record of the past. It also presents
preliminary results of testing echo at over 100 rock-art sites that suggest that exceptional soundscape
is an elemental, if not a fundamental component, of rock art. Both the images and the
echo correlate well with the local Sámi ceremonies of singing and drumming at sacred sieidi
sites—regional tradition and Finnish rock art point to entering into deeper trance through music
and dancing. However, in Finland, there are few entoptic signs in rock art. In some places these
signs are connected to shamanism but research shows a correlation with entoptic signs and psychedelic
substances but not necessarily with shamanism. This disconnect emphasizes the need
for redefining ASC: the term is not singular, but plural. Contrary to being hallucinations, shamanic
states can be better understood as being exceptionally present and part of an Indigenous
knowledge formation process. A pattern of liminal features, images, and local analogies construe
Finnish rock-art sites effectively as sites of liminality, trance, and relationship.


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