Cation exchanger (steel vessel), containing polymeric beads as exchange resin, in a process industry is found to be affected from localized “pitting” corrosion during the turnaround. There are two main cycles of such exchanger’s operation, i.e., normal and regeneration cycles, differentiated by passing canal/well water and sulfuric acid solution, respectively. Corrosion rates by Tafel techniques are measured for both these cycles. The different corrosion rates for canal and well water are explained as per reduction reaction equilibrium. During regeneration cycle, certain other tests like cyclic polarization and potentiostatic polarization are also conducted to understand the cause of the localized corrosion. Potentiostatic tests' observations revealed an interesting phenomenon probably explaining the failure not elucidated by the conventional corrosion measurement techniques.