A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Enhancing and neutralizing anti-coxsackievirus activities in serum samples from patients prior to development of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Sane F, Bertin A, Sioofy-Khojine AB, Oikarinen S, Alidjinou EK, Veijola R, Toppari J, Ilonen J, Knip M, Engelmann I, Hyöty H, Hober D
Publisher: WILEY
Publication year: 2020
Journal: Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
Journal name in source: DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
Journal acronym: DIABETES-METAB RES
Article number: ARTN e3305
Volume: 36
Issue: 6
Number of pages: 8
ISSN: 1520-7552
eISSN: 1520-7560
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3305
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/327295/Sane_et_al_2020_Diabetes_Metabolism_Research_and_Reviews.pdf?sequence=1
Background: Studies in prospective cohorts have suggested that enterovirus infections are associated with the appearance of islet autoantibodies that precede later appearance of type 1 diabetes (T1D). It was shown that in addition to an antibody-mediated anti-coxsackievirus (CV)-B neutralizing activity of serum from patients with T1D, there was also enhancing anti-CV-B activity in vitro. In this study, the patterns of enhancing and neutralizing anti-CV activities were analysed from consecutive serum samples collected from children who were followed from birth until they developed T1D in the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention (DIPP) study and compared to those in non-diabetic control children.Methods: The titres of serum neutralizing activity were analysed against those CVs which were detected in the stools in these children (CV-B3, CV-B5 or CV-A4) using plaque assay. The enhancing activity of these serum samples was analysed by measuring interferon-alpha (INF-alpha) production in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) inoculated with a mixture of these viruses and diluted serum.Results: A sustained anti-CV enhancing activity was observed in consecutive serum samples in patients with T1D. The pattern of responses differed between children who developed T1D and control children. In patients, the anti-CV enhancing activity was predominant or even exclusive over the neutralizing activity, whereas in controls the enhancing and neutralising activities were more balanced or the neutralizing activity was largely predominant.Conclusions: Evaluating the anti-enterovirus neutralizing and enhancing activity of serum samples can be useful to investigate further the relationship between enteroviruses and the development of T1D.
