A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Life-period associations of body mass index with adult carotid intima-media thickness : The Bogalusa heart study and the cardiovascular risk in young Finns study
Authors: Evans, Jack T.; Buscot, Marie-Jeanne; Fraser, Brooklyn J.; Juonala, Markus; Guo, Yajun; Fernandez, Camilo; Kähönen, Mika; Sabin, Matthew A.; Armstrong, Matthew K.; Viikari, Jorma S.A.; Bazzano, Lydia A.; Raitakari, Olli T.; Magnussen, Costan G.
Publisher: Elsevier
Publication year: 2024
Journal: Preventive Medicine
Journal name in source: Preventive medicine
Journal acronym: Prev Med
Article number: 108128
Volume: 189
ISSN: 0091-7435
eISSN: 1096-0260
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108128
Web address : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108128
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/457808430
Objective
Child and adult body mass index (BMI) associates with adult carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT). However, the relative contribution of BMI at different life-periods on adult cIMT has not been quantified. This study aimed to determine the life-course model that best explains the relative contribution of BMI at different life-periods (childhood, adolescence, and young-adulthood) on cIMT in adulthood.
Methods
BMI was calculated from direct measurements of height and weight at up to seven time-points from childhood to adulthood (1973–2007) among 2485 participants of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study (YFS) and 1271 participants in the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS). BMI measures at three ages representative of childhood (9-years), adolescence (18 years) and young-adulthood (30 years) life-periods were used. B-mode ultrasound was used to measure common cIMT in adulthood (>30 years). Associations were evaluated using the Bayesian relative life-course exposure model.
Results
In both cohorts, cumulative exposure to higher levels of BMI across the life-course was associated with greater cIMT. Of the examined life-periods, BMI in young-adulthood provided the greatest relative contribution towards the development of adult cIMT for YFS (49.9 %, 95 % CrI = 34–68 %) and white BHS participants (48.6 %, 95 % CrI = 9–86 %), whereas BMI in childhood had the greatest relative contribution for black BHS participants (54.0 %, 95 % CrI = 8–89 %).
Conclusion
Although our data suggest sensitive periods in the life-course where prevention and intervention aimed at reducing BMI might provide most benefit in limiting the effects of BMI on cIMT, maintaining lower BMI across the life-course appears to be optimal.
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Funding information in the publication:
The Young Finns Study has been financially supported by the Academy of Finland: grants 356405, 322098, 286284, 134309 (Eye), 126925, 121584, 124282, 255381, 256474, 283115, 319060, 320297, 314389, 338395, 330809, and 104821, 129378 (Salve), 117797 (Gendi), and 141071 (Skidi); the Social Insurance Institution of Finland; Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Kuopio, Tampere and Turku University Hospitals (grant X51001); Juho Vainio Foundation; Paavo Nurmi Foundation; Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research; Finnish Cultural Foundation; The Sigrid Juselius Foundation; Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation; Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation; Diabetes Research Foundation of Finnish Diabetes Association; EU Horizon 2020 (grant 755320 for TAXINOMISIS and grant 848146 for To Aition); European Research Council (grant 742927 for MULTIEPIGEN project); Tampere University Hospital Supporting Foundation, Finnish Society of Clinical Chemistry and the Cancer Foundation Finland. The Bogalusa Heart Study staff and investigators were funded in part by NIH grants (RF1AG041200, R01AG077497, R33AG057983, R01AG062309) and the AHA award 20SFRN35490098. Past funding for the Bogalusa Heart Study has included NIH SCOR-A/P60 HL15103; U01 HL038844; R01s HL002942, HD032194, AG016592, HD069587, ES021724, HL121230; R03s HD047247, HD062783, AG060619; and the American Heart Association (grants 13SDG14650068 and 0160261B). The funders did not have any role in the study concept, design, data analysis, writing of the manuscript, or submission of the manuscript for publication.
