A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Carotid artery intima-media thickness, distensibility and elasticity: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11-12 years old and their parents
Authors: Liu R.S., Dunn S., Grobler A.C., Lange K., Becker D., Goldsmith G., Carlin J.B., Juonala M., Wake M., Burgner D.P.
Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
Publication year: 2019
Journal: BMJ Open
Journal name in source: BMJ OPEN
Journal acronym: BMJ OPEN
Volume: 9
Issue: 3
First page : 23
Last page: 33
Number of pages: 11
ISSN: 2044-6055
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020264
Web address : https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/9/Suppl_3/23
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/42058637
Objectives: To describe a well-established marker of cardiovascular risk, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and related measures (artery distensibility and elasticity) in children aged 11-12 years old and mid-life adults, and examine associations within parent-child dyads.
Design: Cross-sectional study (Child Health CheckPoint), nested within a prospective cohort study, the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC). Setting Assessment centres in seven Australian major cities and eight selected regional towns, February 2015 to March 2016.
Participants: Of all participating CheckPoint families (n=1874), 1489 children (50.0% girls) and 1476 parents (86.8% mothers) with carotid IMT data were included. Survey weights and methods were applied to account for LSAC's complex sample design and clustering within postcodes and strata.
Outcome measures: Ultrasound of the right carotid artery was performed using standardised protocols. Primary outcomes were mean and maximum far-wall carotid IMT, quantified using semiautomated edge detection software. Secondary outcomes were carotid artery distensibility and elasticity. Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models were used to assess parent-child concordance. Random effects modelling on a subset of ultrasounds (with repeated measurements) was used to assess reliability of the child carotid IMT measure.
Results: The average mean and maximum child carotid IMT were 0.50 mm (SD 0.06) and 0.58 mm (SD 0.05), respectively. In adults, average mean and maximum carotid IMT were 0.57 mm (SD 0.07) and 0.66 mm (SD 0.10), respectively. Mother-child correlations for mean and maximum carotid IMT were 0.12 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.23) and 0.10 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.21), respectively. For carotid artery distensibility and elasticity, mother-child correlations were 0.19 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.25) and 0.11 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.18), respectively. There was no strong evidence of father-child correlation in any measure.
Conclusions: We provide Australian values for carotid vascular measures and report a modest mother-child concordance. Both genetic and environmental exposures are likely to contribute to carotid IMT.
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