A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Exploratory behavior undergoes genotype-age interactions in a wild bird
Authors: Barbara Class, Jon E. Brommer, Kees van Oers
Publisher: WILEY
Publication year: 2019
Journal: Ecology and Evolution
Journal acronym: ECOL EVOL
Volume: 9
Issue: 16
First page : 8987
Last page: 8994
Number of pages: 8
ISSN: 2045-7758
eISSN: 2045-7758
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5430
Web address : https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ece3.5430
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/41982053
Animal personality traits are often heritable and plastic at the same time. Indeed, behaviors that reflect an individual's personality can respond to environmental factors or change with age. To date, little is known regarding personality changes during a wild animals' lifetime and even less about stability in heritability of behavior across ages. In this study, we investigated age-related changes in the mean and in the additive genetic variance of exploratory behavior, a commonly used measure of animal personality, in a wild population of great tits. Heritability of exploration is reduced in adults compared to juveniles, with a low genetic correlation across these age classes. A random regression animal model confirmed the occurrence of genotype-age interactions (GxA) in exploration, causing a decrease in additive genetic variance before individuals become 1 year old, and a decline in cross-age genetic correlations between young and increasingly old individuals. Of the few studies investigating GxA in behaviors, this study provides rare evidence for this phenomenon in an extensively studied behavior. We indeed demonstrate that heritability and cross-age genetic correlations in this behavior are not stable over an individual's lifetime, which can affect its potential response to selection. Because GxA is likely to be common in behaviors and have consequences for our understanding of the evolution of animal personality, more attention should be turned to this phenomenon in the future work.
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