Plasma interleukin (IL)-8 levels were monitored in 58 patients with metastatic breast cancer before and during
first-line chemotherapy, and changes in the IL-8 levels were correlated with patient survival data. Monitoring
plasma IL-8 levels before and during chemotherapy identifies patients with excellent prognosis whose IL-8
levels stay constantly below 16.6 pg/mL.
Background: Interleukin (IL)-8 is a proinflammatory cytokine, and high levels of IL-8 are associated with poor prognosis in many malignancies. The objective of this study was to explore the clinical benefit of monitoring plasma IL-8
levels during breast cancer chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: We conducted an exploratory analysis of several
circulating proteins, including IL-8, in the plasma. Plasma samples were obtained from 58 metastatic breast cancer
patients who took part in a prospective phase 2 first-line bevacizumab chemotherapy trial. Samples were analyzed
before therapy, after 6 weeks and 6 months of treatment, and at the final study visit. On the basis of a trajectory
analysis of the plasma IL-8 levels, the patients were divided into 3 trajectory groups. Results: Plasma IL-8, IL-6, IL-18,
matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, YKL-40, resistin, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) concentrations
were measured, and the most pronounced predictor of patient survival was IL-8. On the basis of the trajectory analysis
of the IL-8 levels, the majority of patients (n ¼ 35, 60%) belonged to trajectory group 1, and these patients had
significantly lower IL-8 levels before and during the entire chemotherapy treatment period than did the patients in the
other groups. Trajectory group 1 patients had significantly better overall survival compared to patients in trajectory
group 2 (n ¼ 17; age-adjusted HR ¼ 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.21-5.97; P ¼ .012) and 3 (n ¼ 6; age-adjusted
HR ¼ 8.65; 95% confidence interval, 3.16-23.7; P < .001). Conclusion: Low IL-8 levels during chemotherapy treatment might help identify patients with prolonged survival.