A1 Vertaisarvioitu alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä lehdessä
Conductive Carbon Microfibers Derived from Wet-Spun Lignin/Nanocellulose Hydrogels
Tekijät: Wang L, Ago M, Borghei M, Ishaq A, Papageorgiou AC, Lundahl M, Rojas OJ
Kustantaja: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Julkaisuvuosi: 2019
Journal: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering
Tietokannassa oleva lehden nimi: ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Lehden akronyymi: ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG
Vuosikerta: 7
Numero: 6
Aloitussivu: 6013
Lopetussivu: 6022
Sivujen määrä: 19
ISSN: 2168-0485
eISSN: 2168-0485
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b06081
Rinnakkaistallenteen osoite: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/39888789
We introduce an eco-friendly process to dramatically simplify carbon microfiber fabrication from biobased materials. The microfibers are first produced by wet-spinning in aqueous calcium chloride solution, which provides rapid coagulation of the hydrogel precursors comprising wood-derived lignin and 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNF). The thermomechanical performance of the obtained lignin/TOCNF filaments is investigated as a function of cellulose nanofibril orientation (wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS)), morphology (scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), and density. Following direct carbonization of the filaments at 900 degrees C, carbon microfibers (CMFs) are obtained with remarkably high yield, up to 41%, at lignin loadings of 70 wt % in the precursor microfibers (compared to 23% yield for those produced in the absence of lignin). Without any thermal stabilization or graphitization steps, the morphology, strength, and flexibility of the CMFs are retained to a large degree compared to those of the respective precursors. The electrical conductivity of the CMFs reach values as high as 103 S cm(-1), making them suitable for microelectrodes, fiber-shaped supercapacitors, and wearable electronics. Overall, the cellulose nanofibrils act as structural elements for fast, inexpensive, and environmentally sound wet-spinning while lignin endows CMFs with high carbon yield and electrical conductivity.
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