A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
X-Ray Polarization of the Black Hole X-Ray Binary 4U 1630–47 Challenges the Standard Thin Accretion Disk Scenario
Authors: Ratheesh, Ajay; Dovčiak, Michal; Krawczynski, Henric; Podgorný, Jakub; Marra, Lorenzo; Veledina, Alexandra; Suleimanov, Valery F.; Rodriguez Cavero, Nicole; Steiner, James F.; Svoboda, Jiří; Marinucci, Andrea; Bianchi, Stefano; Negro, Michela; Matt, Giorgio; Tombesi, Francesco; Poutanen, Juri; Ingram, Adam; Taverna, Roberto; West, Andrew; Karas, Vladimir; Ursini, Francesco; Soffitta, Paolo; Capitanio, Fiamma; Viscolo, Domenico; Manfreda, Alberto; Muleri, Fabio; Parra, Maxime; Beheshtipour, Banafsheh; Chun, Sohee; Cibrario, Nicolò; Di Lalla, Niccolò; Fabiani, Sergio; Hu, Kun; Kaaret, Philip; Loktev, Vladislav; Mikušincová, Romana; Mizuno, Tsunefumi; Omodei, Nicola; Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier; Puccetti, Simonetta; Rankin, John; Zane, Silvia; Zhang, Sixuan; Agudo, Iván; Antonelli, Lucio A.; Bachetti, Matteo; Baldini, Luca; Baumgartner, Wayne H.; Bellazzini, Ronaldo; Bongiorno, Stephen D.; Bonino, Raffaella; Brez, Alessandro; Bucciantini, Niccolò; Castellano, Simone; Cavazzuti, Elisabetta; Chen, Chien-Ting; Ciprini, Stefano; Costa, Enrico; De Rosa, Alessandra; Del Monte, Ettore; Di Gesu Laura; Di Marco, Alessandro; Donnarumma, Immacolata; Doroshenko, Victor; Ehlert, Steven R.; Enoto, Teruaki; Evangelista, Yuri; Ferrazzoli, Riccardo; Garcia, Javier A.; Gunji, Shuichi; Hayashida, Kiyoshi; Heyl, Jeremy; Iwakiri, Wataru; Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Kislat, Fabian; Kitaguchi, Takao; Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.; La Monaca, Fabio; Latronico, Luca; Liodakis, Ioannis; Maldera, Simone; Marin, Frédéric; Marscher, Alan P.; Marshall, Herman L.; Massaro, Francesco; Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki; Ng, Stephen C.; O’Dell, Stephen L.; Oppedisano, Chiara; Papitto, Alessandro; Pavlov, George G.; Peirson, Abel L.; Perri, Matteo; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa; Pilia, Maura; Possenti, Andrea; Ramsey, Brian D.; Roberts, Oliver J.; Romani, Roger W.; Sgrò, Carmelo; Slane, Patrick; Spandre, Gloria; Swartz, Douglas A.; Tamagawa, Toru; Tavecchio, Fabrizio; Tawara, Yuzuru; Tennant, Allyn F.; Thomas, Nicholas E.; Trois, Alessio; Tsygankov, Sergey S.; Turolla, Roberto; Vink, Jacco; Weisskopf, Martin C.; Wu, K; Xie, Fei
Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing
Publication year: 2024
Journal: Astrophysical Journal
Journal name in source: The Astrophysical Journal
Article number: 77
Volume: 964
Issue: 1
eISSN: 1538-4357
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad226e
Publication's open availability at the time of reporting: Open Access
Publication channel's open availability : Open Access publication channel
Web address : https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad226e
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/387405449
Preprint address: https://arxiv.org/abs/2304.12752
Self-archived copy's licence: CC BY
Self-archived copy's version: Publisher`s PDF
A large energy-dependent X-ray polarization degree is detected by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) in the high-soft emission state of the black hole X-ray binary 4U 1630–47. The highly significant detection (at ≈50σ confidence level) of an unexpectedly high polarization, rising from ∼6% at 2 keV to ∼10% at 8 keV, cannot be easily reconciled with standard models of thin accretion disks. In this work, we compare the predictions of different theoretical models with the IXPE data and conclude that the observed polarization properties are compatible with a scenario in which matter accretes onto the black hole through a thin disk covered by a partially ionized atmosphere flowing away at mildly relativistic velocities.
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