International entrepreneurship (IE) research has emerged into a notable research stream, but its relationship to related fields is not black and white. Difficulties arise when the words “international” and “entrepreneur” have multiple meanings. In the context of transnational diaspora entrepreneurship (TDE), “entrepreneurship” refers to economic adaptation rather than to the expansion and internationalization of business. In this special case, the entrepreneurs are international - but not necessarily their firms. Without a commonly agreed terminology or agenda, several disciplines have coined these terms and discussions according to their traditions. This creates conceptual confusion and may hinder fruitful interdisciplinary work. The objective of this chapter is to advance the base enabling inclusive discussions regarding TDE.