A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Lithiated porous silicon nanowires stimulate periodontal regeneration
Authors: Kaasalainen Martti, Zhang Ran, Vashisth Priya, Birjandi Anahid Ahmadi, S’Ari Mark, Martella Davide Alessandro, Isaacs Mark, Mäkilä Ermei, Wang Cong, Moldenhauer Evelin, Clarke Paul, Pinna Alessandra, Zhang Xuechen, Mustfa Salman A., Caprettini Valeria, Morrell Alexander P., Gentleman Eileen, Brauer Delia S., Addison Owen, Zhang Xuehui, Bergholt Mads, Al-Jamal Khuloud, Volponi Ana Angelova, Salonen Jarno, Hondow Nicole, Sharpe Paul, Chiappini Ciro
Publisher: Nature Research
Publication year: 2024
Journal: Nature Communications
Journal name in source: Nature Communications
Article number: 487
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
eISSN: 2041-1723
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44581-5
Web address : https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-44581-5
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/386795586
Periodontal disease is a significant burden for oral health, causing progressive and irreversible damage to the support structure of the tooth. This complex structure, the periodontium, is composed of interconnected soft and mineralised tissues, posing a challenge for regenerative approaches. Materials combining silicon and lithium are widely studied in periodontal regeneration, as they stimulate bone repair via silicic acid release while providing regenerative stimuli through lithium activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Yet, existing materials for combined lithium and silicon release have limited control over ion release amounts and kinetics. Porous silicon can provide controlled silicic acid release, inducing osteogenesis to support bone regeneration. Prelithiation, a strategy developed for battery technology, can introduce large, controllable amounts of lithium within porous silicon, but yields a highly reactive material, unsuitable for biomedicine. This work debuts a strategy to lithiate porous silicon nanowires (LipSiNs) which generates a biocompatible and bioresorbable material. LipSiNs incorporate lithium to between 1% and 40% of silicon content, releasing lithium and silicic acid in a tailorable fashion from days to weeks. LipSiNs combine osteogenic, cementogenic and Wnt/β-catenin stimuli to regenerate bone, cementum and periodontal ligament fibres in a murine periodontal defect. © 2024, The Author(s).
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