A2 Vertaisarvioitu katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä lehdessä
Testicular Cancer Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Endocrine Aspects
Tekijät: Rajpert-De Meyts Ewa, Skakkebaek Niels E, Toppari Jorma
Toimittaja: Rajpert-De Meyts E, Skakkebaek NE, Toppari J
Kustantaja: MDText.com, Inc.
Julkaisuvuosi: 2018
Journal: Endotext
Kokoomateoksen nimi: Endotext
Verkko-osoite: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK278992/#testi-canc-pathogen.toc-introduction-
Tiivistelmä
Testicular cancer comprises different neoplasms, depending on the cell of origin and the typical age at presentation, but germ cell-derived tumors constitute the vast majority of cases. Germ cell tumors can be diagnosed in every age group, but more than 90% of cases occur in young men. These tumors, comprising seminoma and nonseminoma, are derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS). Pathogenesis of testicular tumors associated with GCNIS partly overlaps with that of other developmental disorders of the male reproductive system, within the proposed testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS). Testicular somatic cell tumors, known as sex cord-stromal neoplasms, are relatively rare, but can have endocrine manifestations, such as precocious puberty or gynecomastia. In addition to its malignant features, cancer of the testis represents a developmental, endocrine and reproductive problem. These issues are in focus in this chapter, and emphasis is given to aspects that are of interest to endocrinologists, including pediatric endocrinologists and andrologists. Management of invasive testicular tumors is largely handled by urologists and oncologists, thus only general information on surgical treatment and chemotherapy is presented. Impact of treatment on endocrine system, co-morbidity, fertility issues and quality of life issues are also briefly reviewed.
Testicular cancer comprises different neoplasms, depending on the cell of origin and the typical age at presentation, but germ cell-derived tumors constitute the vast majority of cases. Germ cell tumors can be diagnosed in every age group, but more than 90% of cases occur in young men. These tumors, comprising seminoma and nonseminoma, are derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS). Pathogenesis of testicular tumors associated with GCNIS partly overlaps with that of other developmental disorders of the male reproductive system, within the proposed testicular dysgenesis syndrome (TDS). Testicular somatic cell tumors, known as sex cord-stromal neoplasms, are relatively rare, but can have endocrine manifestations, such as precocious puberty or gynecomastia. In addition to its malignant features, cancer of the testis represents a developmental, endocrine and reproductive problem. These issues are in focus in this chapter, and emphasis is given to aspects that are of interest to endocrinologists, including pediatric endocrinologists and andrologists. Management of invasive testicular tumors is largely handled by urologists and oncologists, thus only general information on surgical treatment and chemotherapy is presented. Impact of treatment on endocrine system, co-morbidity, fertility issues and quality of life issues are also briefly reviewed.
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