A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal

Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus DNA in the human placenta



Authors: Satokari R, Grönroos T, Laitinen K, Salminen S, Isolauri E

Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

Publication year: 2009

Journal: Letters in Applied Microbiology

Journal name in source: LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Journal acronym: LETT APPL MICROBIOL

Volume: 48

Issue: 1

First page : 8

Last page: 12

Number of pages: 5

ISSN: 0266-8254

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02475.x


Abstract
Bacterial DNA contains unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotide motifs which induce immune effects. Specific CpG motifs activate Toll-like receptor 9 and subsequently trigger Th-1-type immune responses. Although the newborn infant is considered immunologically immature, exposure by bacterial DNA may programme the infant's immune development during foetal life earlier than previously considered.


Keywords:
bifidobacteria, CpG motif, DNA, immunity, lactobacilli, placenta



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