A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Updated Model of the Solar Energetic Proton Environment in Space
Authors: Jiggens P, Heynderickx D, Sandberg I, Truscott P, Raukunen O, Vainio R
Publisher: EDP SCIENCES S A
Publication year: 2018
Journal: Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate
Journal name in source: JOURNAL OF SPACE WEATHER AND SPACE CLIMATE
Journal acronym: J SPACE WEATHER SPAC
Article number: A31
Volume: 8
Number of pages: 22
ISSN: 2115-7251
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2018010
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/32085727
The Solar Accumulated and Peak Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Environment (SAPPHIRE) model provides environment specification outputs for all aspects of the Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) environment. The model is based upon a thoroughly cleaned and carefully processed data set. Herein the evolution of the solar proton model is discussed with comparisons to other models and data. This paper discusses the construction of the underlying data set, the modelling methodology, optimisation of fitted flux distributions and extrapolation of model outputs to cover a range of proton energies from 0.1 MeV to 1 GeV. The model provides outputs in terms of mission cumulative fluence, maximum event fluence and peak flux for both solar maximum and solar minimum periods. A new method for describing maximum event fluence and peak flux outputs in terms of 1-in-x-year SPEs is also described. SAPPHIRE proton model outputs are compared with previous models including CREME96, ESP-PSYCHIC and the JPL model. Low energy outputs are compared to SEP data from ACE/EPAM whilst high energy outputs are compared to a new model based on GLEs detected by Neutron Monitors (NMs).
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