When right differs from left – Human limb directional asymmetry emerges during very early development




Human limb directional asymmetry emerges during very early development

Stefan Van Dongen, Frietson Galis, Clara Ten Broek, Kristiina Heikinheimo, Liliane C. D. Wijnaendts, Sofie Delen, Jessica Bots

2014

Laterality

19

5

591

601

11

1357-650X

1464-0678

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1080/1357650X.2014.891606



The often observed directional asymmetry (DA) in human limb bones may have a genetic/developmental basis and/or could emerge from different mechanical loadings across sides due to handedness. Because behavioural lateralization in itself has a genetic basis, it has been suggested that DA in limbs could develop prenatally as a pre-adaptation to adult life. However, the presence of consistent differences in the size of left and right limb bones in early development is understudied. We study asymmetry in limb bones during early development (10–20 weeks of gestation) in a sample of 178 aborted foetuses. Statistically significant DA was found in several upper and lower limb bones, where the right-hand side was consistently larger than the left. We argue that this pattern is probably the consequence of developmental processes related to internal asymmetric positioning of organs.




Last updated on 2024-26-11 at 21:30