This article sheds light on the pre-war military relations between the Baltic States and

Japan throughout 1930s. At first, Hobbesian sense of ‘fears’ against Communism

realized the bilateral and trilateral cooperation in military intelligence sector. The

mutual respects ever since the Russo-Japanese War connected the two distant entities.

Although its main task, toppling the Soviet regimes in Georgia and Ukraine, was

never succeeded, there were some notable achievements and it should be considered

as one of the most successful Japanese intelligence activities in the pre-war period.

However, this fruitful relationship suddenly came to an end by the Soviet invasion of

the Baltic States in June 1940.