A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Three-dimensional atom localization by laser fields in a four-level tripod system
Authors: Vladimir S. Ivanov, Yuri V. Rozhdestvensky, Kalle-Antti Suominen
Publisher: AMER PHYSICAL SOC
Publication year: 2014
Journal: Physical Review A
Journal name in source: PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Journal acronym: PHYS REV A
Article number: 063802
Volume: 90
Issue: 6
Number of pages: 5
ISSN: 1050-2947
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.90.063802
Web address : http://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.90.063802
We present a scheme for high-precision three-dimensional (3D) localization by the measurement of the atomic-level population. The scheme is applied to a four-level tripod-type atom coupled by three strong standing waves and a probe running wave. As a result, the atom can be localized in volumes that are substantially smaller than a cubic optical wavelength, which is achieved by the increase of standing-wave intensities. The upper-level distribution depends crucially on the atom-field coupling and it forms 3D periodic structures composed of spheres, hourglasses, bowls, donuts, or deformed barrels.
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