Political disinformation, understood broadly as disinformation relating to matters of public interest, has been a major talking point at least since 2016. Policymakers and academics alike have been arguing and haggling about how to regulate this phenomenon in the fast-evolving online communication environment whilst upholding freedom of expression, a highly-prized freedom that is generally seen as an essential feature of democracy. More often than not, emerging regulatory measures have been greeted with severe criticism. But can the state nonetheless regulate the phenomenon of political disinformation without undermining freedom of expression? If so, how?

In confronting these policy questions, this monograph begins by conceptualising freedom in general and freedom of expression in particular. This in turn helps establish whether at all the law protects as part of freedom of expression the act of communicating political disinformation. The monograph explores these questions in the light of relevant analytical and normative insights garnered from the field of political philosophy and uses as the main case study the human rights system of the Council of Europe. Its main thesis is that the state can, and has a duty to, regulate the phenomenon of political disinformation in a holistic manner and without necessarily taking away from freedom of expression, in particular by providing for a suitable combination of correction and sanction mechanisms. Given its philosophical underpinnings and holistic approach to the problem under consideration, the monograph promises to be useful to all jurisdictions that embrace democracy.