Objectives: The aim was to analyse the costs and duration of orthodontic-surgical treatment with mandibular advancement in the public health care sector in Finland.

Materials: The study was conducted as a retrospective registry study in a public district hospital on all nonsyndromic patients that were ethnic Finns and treated with full fixed appliances and mandibular advancement surgery in 2016-2020.

Results: The mean treatment duration of the included 45 patients was 28.1 months, including 18.9 months pre and 9.2 months postoperative orthodontics. The median number of visits was 27, including 17 visits before and 9 visits after surgery. The mean total treatment time was 14.5 h. The mean total direct costs per course of treatment were 7574 € to the municipality and 947 € to the patient. The costs positively correlated with the duration of the treatment (rho = 0.71, P = .000), but were not associated to gender or age of patient. The mean surgery time was 78 minutes, and significantly less with an experienced surgeon (P = .002). It was calculated that the mean minimum treatment costs would be 45% of the present total, achievable with a patient with optimum dental arches at the start of treatment.

Limitations: The major limitation of the study is the relatively small number of study subjects.

Conclusion: A 55% share of the costs is influenced by case- and operator-dependent factors. This indicates that the complexity and performance of the orthodontic phases of treatment are important determinants in the cost structure.